Hematoxylin

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  • Identifiers

    CAS number
    517-28-2

    Molecular formula
    C16H14O6

    SMILES
    C1C2=CC(=C(C=C2[C@H]3[C@@]1(COC4=C3C=CC(=C4O)O)O)O)O

    Safety labels

    Irritant
    Irritant

  • Odor profile

    Fragrance
    Odorless 63.6%
    Phenolic 53.62%
    Burnt 33.05%
    Smoky 28.64%
    Spicy 24.84%
    Medicinal 20.98%
    Vanilla 19.67%
    Balsamic 18.82%
    Savory 18.02%
    Animal 14.29%

     

    Flavor
    Bitter 88.21%
    Sweet-like 23.56%
    Bland 23.32%
    Odorless 22.25%
    Cedarleaf 20.33%
    Eugenol 20.19%
    Parsley 19.52%
    Patchouli 19.5%
    Very strong 19.36%
    Rotten 19.21%

     

    Odor impact est.
    Low

  • Properties

    XLogP3-AA
    1.2

    pKa est.
    10.33 (weak base)

    Molecular weight
    302.28 g/mol

    Vapor pressure est.

    • hPa @ 20°C
    • hPa @ 25°C

    Evaporation rate
    Ultra slow

    Boiling point est.
    950°C

    Melting point expt.

    • 212 to 248 °F (NTP, 1992)

    Flash point

    • 295.71 ˚C est.

    Solubility expt.

    • Slightly soluble in cold; soluble in hot (NTP, 1992)

  • Synonyms

    • HEMATOXYLIN
    • 517-28-2
    • Haematoxylin
    • Hydroxybrazilin
    • Hydroxybrasilin
    • Natural Black 1
    • (+)-Hematoxylin
    • Hydroxylrasilin
    • YKM8PY2Z55
    • (6aS,11bR)-7,11b-dihydro-6H-indeno[2,1-c]chromene-3,4,6a,9,10-pentol
    • DTXSID8020678
    • Benz(b)indeno(1,2-d)pyran-3,4,6a,9,10(6H)-pentol, 7,11b-dihydro-, cis-(+)-
    • CHEBI:5601
    • hematoxiline
    • C.I. 75290
    • NSC-270085
    • Hemotoxylin
    • cis-(+)-7,11b-dihydrobenz[b]indeno[1,2-d]pyran-3,4,6a,9,10(6H)-pentol
    • CHEBI:51686
    • (6aS,11bR)-7,11b-dihydro-6H-indeno(2,1-c)chromene-3,4,6a,9,10-pentol
    • cis-(+)-7,11b-dihydrobenz(b)indeno(1,2-d)pyran-3,4,6a,9,10(6H)-pentol
    • RefChem:783504
    • DTXCID101777594
    • 208-237-3
    • 7,11b-dihydro-6H-indeno(2,1-c)chromene-3,4,6a,9,10-pentol
    • BENZ(B)INDENO(1,2-D)PYRAN-3,4,6A,9,10(6H)-PENTOL, 7,11B-DIHYDRO-
    • Hematoxylin hydrate
    • (+)-haematoxylin
    • MFCD00078111
    • (6aS,11bR)-6,6a,7,11b-tetrahydroindeno[2,1-c]chromene-3,4,6a,9,10-pentaol
    • CHEMBL477197
    • Benz[b]indeno[1,2-d]pyran-3,4,6a,9,10(6H)-pentol, 7,11b-dihydro-,(6aS,11bR)-
    • 1412-19-7
    • NCI-C55889
    • (6aS,11bR)-7,11b-dihydrobenz[b]indeno[1,2-d]pyran-3,4,6a,9,10(6H)-pentol
    • NSC 270085
    • hematoxilina
    • Hematoxylin (Technical Grade)
    • (6aS,11bR)-7,11b-dihydroindeno[2,1-c]chromene-3,4,6a,9,10(6H)-pentol
    • CCRIS 5916
    • HSDB 4174
    • cid_10603
    • EINECS 208-237-3
    • UNII-YKM8PY2Z55
    • Ematossilina
    • rel-(6aS,11bR)-6,6a,7,11b-Tetrahydroindeno[2,1-c]chromene-3,4,6a,9,10-pentaol
    • 1621-46-1
    • CI 75290
    • HEMATOXYLIN [MI]
    • C.I. Natural Black 1
    • HEMATOXYLIN [HSDB]
    • SCHEMBL19654
    • Hematoxylin (Hydroxybrazilin)
    • Natural Black 1;Haematoxylin
    • orb1307751
    • SCHEMBL29357236
    • SCHEMBL29363003
    • GTPL13599
    • HMS3656K13
    • BB_NC-01029
    • HY-N0116
    • BDBM50263183
    • LMPK12100063
    • s2384
    • AKOS016843524
    • Benz(b)indeno(1,2-d)pyran-3,4,6a,9,10(6H)-pentol, 7,11b-dihydro- (VAN)
    • CCG-267488
    • CS-5341
    • EBC-457094
    • FH43968
    • FS-4071
    • MSK165850-100M
    • NCGC00160144-01
    • 8005-33-2
    • AC-34747
    • DA-74084
    • SY062333
    • SY075991
    • Hematoxylin monohydrate, SAJ special grade
    • Hematoxylin Solution in Methanol, 100ug/mL
    • SW219095-1
    • C09931
    • F235177
    • Q1146112
    • BRD-K78342372-001-02-4
    • BRD-K78342372-001-03-2
    • Hematoxylin, certified by the Biological Stain Commission
    • 7,11b-Dihydrobenz[ss]indeno[1,2-d]pyran-3,4,6a,9,10(6H)-pentol
    • (6aS,11bR)-7,11b-Dihydrobenzo[b]indeno[1,2-d]pyran-3,4,6a,9,10(6H)-pentol
    • (6aS,11bR)-7,11b-dihydroindeno[2,1-c]chromene-3,4,6a,9,10(6H)-pentaol
    • (1R,10S)-8-oxatetracyclo[8.7.0.0^{2,7}.0^{12,17}]heptadeca-2(7),3,5,12(17),13,15-hexaene-5,6,10,14,15-pentol
    • 517-28-2

  • Applications

    Hematoxylin (CAS 517-28-2) is a basic dye primarily used as a stain in histology and pathology. In practice, it stains cell nuclei in tissue sections and cytology preparations, often as the nuclear counterstain in H&E protocols and as a counterstain in immunohistochemistry (IHC). It is used in biomedical research and pharmaceutical development for microscopy-based tissue analysis and quality control. The material is also used as a dye intermediate or precursor in the production of other dyes and staining formulations, so it can appear in educational and laboratory settings where staining reagents are prepared. It should be handled under appropriate safety controls and subject to local regulations and formulation limits.

    gpt-5-nano

  • Solubility @25˚C

    Solvent Solubility (g/L)
    ethanol 6.01
    methanol 14.94
    isopropanol 3.6
    water 0.58
    ethyl acetate 3.71
    n-propanol 3.83
    acetone 1.51
    n-butanol 3.13
    acetonitrile 1.24
    DMF 34.98
    toluene 0.31
    isobutanol 1.52
    1,4-dioxane 6.83
    methyl acetate 1.82
    THF 26.69
    2-butanone 2.23
    n-pentanol 1.75
    sec-butanol 2.1
    n-hexane 0.02
    ethylene glycol 26.35
    NMP 25.33
    cyclohexane 0.03
    DMSO 61.28
    n-butyl acetate 3.45
    n-octanol 5.28
    chloroform 0.04
    n-propyl acetate 2.45
    acetic acid 13.16
    dichloromethane 0.05
    cyclohexanone 4.03
    propylene glycol 15.24
    isopropyl acetate 4.26
    DMAc 39.11
    2-ethoxyethanol 37.85
    isopentanol 3.05
    n-heptane 0.18
    ethyl formate 2.98
    1,2-dichloroethane 0.11
    n-hexanol 3.59
    2-methoxyethanol 98.5
    isobutyl acetate 1.1
    tetrachloromethane 0.05
    n-pentyl acetate 5.87
    transcutol 53.8
    n-heptanol 6.62
    ethylbenzene 0.26
    MIBK 3.88
    2-propoxyethanol 42.31
    tert-butanol 4.92
    MTBE 1.3
    2-butoxyethanol 26.06
    propionic acid 4.51
    o-xylene 0.43
    formic acid 47.0
    diethyl ether 1.68
    m-xylene 0.5
    p-xylene 0.24
    chlorobenzene 0.1
    dimethyl carbonate 8.17
    n-octane 0.16
    formamide 71.12
    cyclopentanone 8.35
    2-pentanone 3.61
    anisole 1.85
    cyclopentyl methyl ether 4.51
    gamma-butyrolactone 14.47
    1-methoxy-2-propanol 67.72
    pyridine 2.48
    3-pentanone 1.67
    furfural 13.79
    n-dodecane 0.16
    diethylene glycol 68.82
    diisopropyl ether 0.78
    tert-amyl alcohol 3.24
    acetylacetone 10.78
    n-hexadecane 0.18
    acetophenone 3.15
    methyl propionate 5.35
    isopentyl acetate 3.38
    trichloroethylene 0.22
    n-nonanol 5.51
    cyclohexanol 1.92
    benzyl alcohol 3.09
    2-ethylhexanol 2.33
    isooctanol 4.8
    dipropyl ether 3.41
    1,2-dichlorobenzene 0.21
    ethyl lactate 9.62
    propylene carbonate 5.79
    n-methylformamide 23.15
    2-pentanol 2.23
    n-pentane 0.03
    1-propoxy-2-propanol 25.26
    1-methoxy-2-propyl acetate 15.38
    2-(2-methoxypropoxy) propanol 21.85
    mesitylene 0.41
    ε-caprolactone 6.92
    p-cymene 0.92
    epichlorohydrin 7.18
    1,1,1-trichloroethane 0.06
    2-aminoethanol 23.2
    morpholine-4-carbaldehyde 42.2
    sulfolane 28.94
    2,2,4-trimethylpentane 0.04
    2-methyltetrahydrofuran 4.32
    n-hexyl acetate 6.54
    isooctane 0.05
    2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol 31.75
    sec-butyl acetate 1.79
    tert-butyl acetate 6.23
    decalin 0.05
    glycerin 75.18
    diglyme 46.95
    acrylic acid 7.46
    isopropyl myristate 3.13
    n-butyric acid 6.64
    acetyl acetate 2.85
    di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate 4.32
    ethyl propionate 3.16
    nitromethane 21.42
    1,2-diethoxyethane 9.1
    benzonitrile 1.46
    trioctyl phosphate 4.23
    1-bromopropane 0.06
    gamma-valerolactone 30.26
    n-decanol 3.99
    triethyl phosphate 3.41
    4-methyl-2-pentanol 2.28
    propionitrile 1.45
    vinylene carbonate 5.02
    1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane 21.0
    DMS 5.59
    cumene 0.28
    2-octanol 4.16
    2-hexanone 1.93
    octyl acetate 4.6
    limonene 1.12
    1,2-dimethoxyethane 28.41
    ethyl orthosilicate 3.22
    tributyl phosphate 3.24
    diacetone alcohol 20.2
    N,N-dimethylaniline 2.04
    acrylonitrile 2.97
    aniline 1.3
    1,3-propanediol 32.4
    bromobenzene 0.07
    dibromomethane 0.03
    1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane 0.33
    2-methyl-cyclohexyl acetate 3.36
    tetrabutyl urea 6.44
    diisobutyl methanol 2.24
    2-phenylethanol 5.18
    styrene 0.2
    dioctyl adipate 5.03
    dimethyl sulfate 15.86
    ethyl butyrate 3.91
    methyl lactate 24.26
    butyl lactate 10.76
    diethyl carbonate 2.87
    propanediol butyl ether 24.75
    triethyl orthoformate 4.73
    p-tert-butyltoluene 1.02
    methyl 4-tert-butylbenzoate 11.09
    morpholine 14.04
    tert-butylamine 1.19
    n-dodecanol 2.72
    dimethoxymethane 39.18
    ethylene carbonate 4.06
    cyrene 22.41
    2-ethoxyethyl acetate 11.01
    2-ethylhexyl acetate 2.23
    1,2,4-trichlorobenzene 0.4
    4-methylpyridine 1.6
    dibutyl ether 2.81
    2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanol 2.24
    DEF 9.23
    dimethyl isosorbide 28.06
    tetrachloroethylene 0.38
    eugenol 14.39
    triacetin 11.19
    span 80 16.07
    1,4-butanediol 8.36
    1,1-dichloroethane 0.03
    2-methyl-1-pentanol 1.55
    methyl formate 12.38
    2-methyl-1-butanol 1.99
    n-decane 0.29
    butyronitrile 1.29
    3,7-dimethyl-1-octanol 3.7
    1-chlorooctane 0.93
    1-chlorotetradecane 0.41
    n-nonane 0.23
    undecane 0.21
    tert-butylcyclohexane 0.04
    cyclooctane 0.05
    cyclopentanol 2.82
    tetrahydropyran 2.15
    tert-amyl methyl ether 1.87
    2,5,8-trioxanonane 37.02
    1-hexene 0.08
    2-isopropoxyethanol 15.94
    2,2,2-trifluoroethanol 8.33
    methyl butyrate 3.54

    Scent© AI

1 4

IFRA standard 51

Recommendation
No restriction
Maximum acceptable concentrations in the finished product (%)
Category 1
Products applied to the lips
 No restriction Category 7A
Rinse-off products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 2
Products applied to the axillae
 No restriction Category 7B
Leave-on products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 3
Products applied to the face/body using fingertips
 No restriction Category 8
Products with significant anogenital exposure
 No restriction
Category 4
Products related to fine fragrance
 No restriction Category 9
Products with body and hand exposure, primarily rinse off
 No restriction
Category 5A
Body lotion products applied to the body using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10A
Household care products with mostly hand contact
 No restriction
Category 5B
Face moisturizer products applied to the face using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10B
Household care products with mostly hand contact, including aerosol/spray products (with potential leave-on skin contact)
 No restriction
Category 5C
Hand cream products applied to the hands using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 11A
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate without UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 5D
Baby Creams, baby Oils and baby talc
 No restriction Category 11B
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate with potential UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 6
Products with oral and lip exposure
 No restriction Category 12
Products not intended for direct skin contact, minimal or insignificant transfer to skin
 No restriction