Glycerin

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  • Identifiers

    CAS number
    56-81-5

    Molecular formula
    C3H8O3

    SMILES
    C(C(CO)O)O

  • Odor profile

    Fragrance
    Odorless 70.84%
    Alcoholic 32.16%
    Sweet 26.98%
    Ethereal 23.23%
    Caramellic 20.92%
    Fishy 19.48%
    Solvent 19.41%
    Buttery 17.99%
    Oily 17.59%
    Sharp 16.57%

     

    Flavor
    Odorless 75.67%
    Sweet 69.48%
    Sweet-like 32.0%
    Alcoholic 29.57%
    Very slight 25.23%
    Bitter 24.22%
    Cauliflower 21.33%
    Very mild 21.16%
    Buttery 21.03%
    Musty 20.77%

     

    Odor impact est.
    Low

  • Properties

    XLogP3-AA
    -1.8

    pKa est.
    6.45 (neutral)

    Molecular weight
    92.09 g/mol

    Vapor pressure est.

    • hPa @ 20°C
    • hPa @ 25°C

    Evaporation rate
    Ultra slow

    Melting point expt.

    • 64 °F (NTP, 1992)
    • 18.1 °C
    • 20 °C
    • 18 °C
    • 64 °F

    Boiling point

    • 554 °F at 760 mmHg (decomposes) (NTP, 1992)
    • 290 °C (decomposes)
    • BP: 263 °C at 400 mm Hg; 240.0 °C at 200 mm Hg; 220.1 °C at 100 mm Hg; 208.0 °C at 60 mm Hg; 182.2 °C at 20 mm Hg; 167.2 °C at 10 mm Hg; 153.8 °C at 5 mm Hg; 125.5 °C at 1.0 mm Hg
    • 290 °C
    • 554 °F (Decomposes)

    Flash point

    • 163.65 ˚C est.
    • 320 °F (NTP, 1992)
    • 177 °C
    • 177 °C (Open cup)
    • 176 °C c.c.
    • 320 °F

    Solubility expt.

    • greater than or equal to 100 mg/mL at 64 °F (NTP, 1992)
    • Miscible with ethanol; slightly soluble in ethyl ether; insoluble in benzene, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, carbon disulfide, petroleum ether
    • 1 part dissolves in 11 parts ethyl acetate, in approx 500 parts ethyl ether. Insoluble in benzene, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, carbon disulfide, petroleum ether, oils.
    • SOLUBILITY IN ACETONE: 1 G IN 15 ML
    • Insoluble in fixed and volatile oils
    • In water, 5.296X10+6 mg/L at 25 °C
    • 1000.0 mg/mL
    • Solubility in water: miscible
    • Miscible

  • Synonyms

    • glycerol
    • glycerin
    • 56-81-5
    • Glycerine
    • PROPANE-1,2,3-TRIOL
    • 1,2,3-Propanetriol
    • Trihydroxypropane
    • Glyceritol
    • Glycyl alcohol
    • 1,2,3-trihydroxypropane
    • Propanetriol
    • Osmoglyn
    • Glysanin
    • Grocolene
    • Glyrol
    • Glycerinum
    • Ophthalgan
    • Vitrosupos
    • Dagralax
    • Glycerin, anhydrous
    • Glycerin, synthetic
    • Synthetic glycerin
    • Moon
    • Synthetic glycerine
    • Glycerolum
    • Optim
    • Star
    • Glycerin mist
    • Incorporation factor
    • 90 Technical glycerine
    • Citifluor AF 2
    • Glycerin (mist)
    • Glicerol
    • Bulbold
    • Cristal
    • Glicerina [DCIT]
    • Glycerine mist
    • Tryhydroxypropane
    • Caswell No. 469
    • Glycerin,anhydrous
    • Glycerin [JAN]
    • FEMA No. 2525
    • Clyzerin, wasserfrei
    • Propanetriol (VAN)
    • Glicerina
    • Monoctanoin Component D
    • Glycerin, natural
    • CCRIS 2295
    • Glicerol [INN-Spanish]
    • Glycerolum [INN-Latin]
    • HSDB 492
    • EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 063507
    • Pricerine 9091
    • NSC 9230
    • AI3-00091
    • Clyzerin, wasserfrei [German]
    • Emery 916
    • Glyzerin
    • Oelsuess
    • di-o-tolylphenylphosphine
    • BRN 0635685
    • UNII-PDC6A3C0OX
    • Collyrium Fresh-Eye Drops
    • PDC6A3C0OX
    • 1,2,3-trihydroxypropanol
    • NSC-9230
    • EINECS 200-289-5
    • IFP
    • Glycerol [INN]
    • Glycerol 85%
    • DTXSID9020663
    • CHEBI:17754
    • INS-422
    • NSC9230
    • Glycerin [USP:JAN]
    • DYNASTIN 7
    • MFCD00004722
    • M 314429
    • PZN 7474853
    • DTXCID40662
    • INS NO.422
    • E-422
    • EC 200-289-5
    • Glycerol (INN)
    • 2-PROPANOL, 1,3-DIHYDROXY-
    • 101662-08-2
    • 144086-03-3
    • 8013-25-0
    • NCGC00090950-03
    • Glycerin (USP:JAN)
    • Diacylglycerol(35:0)
    • GLYCERIN (II)
    • GLYCERIN [II]
    • Glicerol (INN-Spanish)
    • Glycerolum (INN-Latin)
    • GLYCEROL (MART.)
    • GLYCEROL [MART.]
    • GLYCERIN (USP-RS)
    • GLYCERIN [USP-RS]
    • GLYCEROL-(OD)3
    • 107283-02-3
    • 153050-05-6
    • 1H-Thieno[3,4-d]iMidazole-4-pentanaMide, hexahydro-2-oxo-N-[6-oxo-6-(2-propenylaMino)hexyl]-, (3aS,4
    • GLYCEROL (EP IMPURITY)
    • GLYCEROL [EP IMPURITY]
    • GLYCEROL (EP MONOGRAPH)
    • GLYCEROL [EP MONOGRAPH]
    • GLYCERIN (USP MONOGRAPH)
    • GLYCERIN [USP MONOGRAPH]
    • Glycerol; Propane-1,2,3-Triol
    • Heterochromatin-specific nonhistone chromosomal protein HP-1
    • DAG 31:3
    • DAG 35:0
    • DAG(35:0)
    • Glycerol, ACS reagent, >=99.5%
    • MAG(20:2)
    • MAG(20:3)
    • Glyceol Opthalgan
    • DG 31:3
    • DG 35:0
    • MG 17:1
    • MG 20:2
    • MG 20:3
    • CAS-56-81-5
    • 200-289-5
    • DG(31:3)
    • DG(35:0)
    • GOL

  • Applications

    Glycerol (CAS 56-81-5) is a colorless, viscous, sweet-tasting triol whose hygroscopicity, solvating power, plasticizing effect and biocompatibility underpin a remarkable spectrum of uses: in pharmaceuticals it serves as an excipient, solvent for poorly water-soluble actives, humectant in cough syrups, injectables and suppositories, and stabilizer for protein biologics; in cosmetics and personal care it is incorporated into moisturizing creams, body washes, lipsticks and hair gels to retain water, enhance smoothness and protect the skin barrier; in food and beverages it functions as a mild sweetener, humectant, flavor carrier and freezer-point depressant for ice cream, baked goods and drinks; in industry it is employed as antifreeze, lubricant additive, plasticizer for biodegradable polymers, component of drilling fluids and carrier in inkjet formulations; it also acts as an intermediate for the manufacture of nitroglycerin explosives, bio-based propylene glycol, alkyd resins and second-generation biodiesel, illustrating how one benign molecule supports health, beauty, nutrition, manufacturing and energy.

    gpt-5-nano

  • Solubility @25˚C

    Solvent Solubility (g/L)
    ethanol 60.86
    methanol 210.33
    isopropanol 21.05
    water 2105.47
    ethyl acetate 2.84
    n-propanol 40.88
    acetone 8.4
    n-butanol 23.37
    acetonitrile 6.39
    DMF 212.76
    toluene 0.23
    isobutanol 16.8
    1,4-dioxane 13.13
    methyl acetate 4.2
    THF 16.17
    2-butanone 5.09
    n-pentanol 7.17
    sec-butanol 16.07
    n-hexane 0.31
    ethylene glycol 357.66
    NMP 139.89
    cyclohexane 1.22
    DMSO 279.46
    n-butyl acetate 1.92
    n-octanol 3.32
    chloroform 1.56
    n-propyl acetate 1.9
    acetic acid 206.68
    dichloromethane 1.95
    cyclohexanone 9.43
    propylene glycol 161.35
    isopropyl acetate 1.65
    DMAc 82.28
    2-ethoxyethanol 45.01
    isopentanol 9.37
    n-heptane 1.11
    ethyl formate 8.21
    1,2-dichloroethane 2.0
    n-hexanol 6.13
    2-methoxyethanol 137.87
    isobutyl acetate 0.9
    tetrachloromethane 1.15
    n-pentyl acetate 1.81
    transcutol 43.92
    n-heptanol 5.02
    ethylbenzene 0.18
    MIBK 2.09
    2-propoxyethanol 23.86
    tert-butanol 15.56
    MTBE 2.18
    2-butoxyethanol 17.37
    propionic acid 60.48
    o-xylene 0.51
    formic acid 884.99
    diethyl ether 2.62
    m-xylene 0.36
    p-xylene 0.28
    chlorobenzene 0.36
    dimethyl carbonate 4.04
    n-octane 0.39
    formamide 578.54
    cyclopentanone 16.07
    2-pentanone 3.7
    anisole 0.83
    cyclopentyl methyl ether 5.39
    gamma-butyrolactone 24.08
    1-methoxy-2-propanol 50.22
    pyridine 4.24
    3-pentanone 3.22
    furfural 25.05
    n-dodecane 0.22
    diethylene glycol 68.93
    diisopropyl ether 0.82
    tert-amyl alcohol 12.83
    acetylacetone 4.64
    n-hexadecane 0.22
    acetophenone 1.7
    methyl propionate 5.41
    isopentyl acetate 1.47
    trichloroethylene 2.46
    n-nonanol 2.88
    cyclohexanol 14.25
    benzyl alcohol 3.19
    2-ethylhexanol 2.76
    isooctanol 3.37
    dipropyl ether 3.07
    1,2-dichlorobenzene 0.48
    ethyl lactate 6.43
    propylene carbonate 7.88
    n-methylformamide 141.34
    2-pentanol 7.6
    n-pentane 0.65
    1-propoxy-2-propanol 14.59
    1-methoxy-2-propyl acetate 3.89
    2-(2-methoxypropoxy) propanol 10.94
    mesitylene 0.43
    ε-caprolactone 10.82
    p-cymene 0.64
    epichlorohydrin 8.58
    1,1,1-trichloroethane 0.73
    2-aminoethanol 270.74
    morpholine-4-carbaldehyde 84.61
    sulfolane 76.33
    2,2,4-trimethylpentane 0.36
    2-methyltetrahydrofuran 7.46
    n-hexyl acetate 2.16
    isooctane 0.21
    2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol 17.29
    sec-butyl acetate 0.96
    tert-butyl acetate 1.99
    decalin 0.25
    glycerin 338.98
    diglyme 28.4
    acrylic acid 86.65
    isopropyl myristate 0.94
    n-butyric acid 31.86
    acetyl acetate 2.13
    di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate 2.0
    ethyl propionate 1.77
    nitromethane 78.2
    1,2-diethoxyethane 3.42
    benzonitrile 1.3
    trioctyl phosphate 1.99
    1-bromopropane 0.83
    gamma-valerolactone 35.01
    n-decanol 2.01
    triethyl phosphate 2.3
    4-methyl-2-pentanol 3.0
    propionitrile 4.53
    vinylene carbonate 7.63
    1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane 46.67
    DMS 2.03
    cumene 0.26
    2-octanol 2.25
    2-hexanone 1.66
    octyl acetate 1.43
    limonene 1.17
    1,2-dimethoxyethane 18.65
    ethyl orthosilicate 2.24
    tributyl phosphate 1.9
    diacetone alcohol 9.41
    N,N-dimethylaniline 1.44
    acrylonitrile 7.93
    aniline 2.68
    1,3-propanediol 167.6
    bromobenzene 0.19
    dibromomethane 1.19
    1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane 2.78
    2-methyl-cyclohexyl acetate 1.87
    tetrabutyl urea 3.61
    diisobutyl methanol 2.03
    2-phenylethanol 2.37
    styrene 0.2
    dioctyl adipate 2.1
    dimethyl sulfate 12.62
    ethyl butyrate 2.3
    methyl lactate 20.05
    butyl lactate 5.76
    diethyl carbonate 1.39
    propanediol butyl ether 21.04
    triethyl orthoformate 2.64
    p-tert-butyltoluene 0.7
    methyl 4-tert-butylbenzoate 4.75
    morpholine 29.61
    tert-butylamine 6.21
    n-dodecanol 1.55
    dimethoxymethane 20.71
    ethylene carbonate 6.0
    cyrene 19.7
    2-ethoxyethyl acetate 2.73
    2-ethylhexyl acetate 1.15
    1,2,4-trichlorobenzene 0.75
    4-methylpyridine 2.02
    dibutyl ether 1.48
    2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanol 2.03
    DEF 17.17
    dimethyl isosorbide 13.67
    tetrachloroethylene 3.78
    eugenol 7.3
    triacetin 3.98
    span 80 13.61
    1,4-butanediol 57.52
    1,1-dichloroethane 0.8
    2-methyl-1-pentanol 3.93
    methyl formate 48.48
    2-methyl-1-butanol 12.15
    n-decane 0.35
    butyronitrile 3.5
    3,7-dimethyl-1-octanol 2.28
    1-chlorooctane 0.66
    1-chlorotetradecane 0.33
    n-nonane 0.36
    undecane 0.26
    tert-butylcyclohexane 0.21
    cyclooctane 0.55
    cyclopentanol 25.7
    tetrahydropyran 6.06
    tert-amyl methyl ether 2.51
    2,5,8-trioxanonane 21.77
    1-hexene 0.49
    2-isopropoxyethanol 14.67
    2,2,2-trifluoroethanol 132.71
    methyl butyrate 3.2

    Scent© AI

1 4

IFRA standard 51

Recommendation
No restriction
Maximum acceptable concentrations in the finished product (%)
Category 1
Products applied to the lips
 No restriction Category 7A
Rinse-off products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 2
Products applied to the axillae
 No restriction Category 7B
Leave-on products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 3
Products applied to the face/body using fingertips
 No restriction Category 8
Products with significant anogenital exposure
 No restriction
Category 4
Products related to fine fragrance
 No restriction Category 9
Products with body and hand exposure, primarily rinse off
 No restriction
Category 5A
Body lotion products applied to the body using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10A
Household care products with mostly hand contact
 No restriction
Category 5B
Face moisturizer products applied to the face using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10B
Household care products with mostly hand contact, including aerosol/spray products (with potential leave-on skin contact)
 No restriction
Category 5C
Hand cream products applied to the hands using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 11A
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate without UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 5D
Baby Creams, baby Oils and baby talc
 No restriction Category 11B
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate with potential UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 6
Products with oral and lip exposure
 No restriction Category 12
Products not intended for direct skin contact, minimal or insignificant transfer to skin
 No restriction