gamma-Carotene

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  • Identifiers

    CAS number
    472-93-5

    Molecular formula
    C40H56

    SMILES
    CC1=C(C(CCC1)(C)C)/C=C/C(=C/C=C/C(=C/C=C/C=C(\C)/C=C/C=C(\C)/C=C/C=C(\C)/CCC=C(C)C)/C)/C

    Safety labels

  • Odor profile

    Fragrance
    Woody 59.8%
    Balsamic 55.82%
    Floral 45.44%
    Sweet 43.11%
    Oily 37.68%
    Tropical 33.01%
    Green 29.24%
    Fruity 28.97%
    Herbal 27.08%
    Waxy 26.17%

     

    Flavor
    Balsam 49.62%
    Balsamic 33.09%
    Oriental 27.51%
    Wood 24.01%
    Diterpene 22.0%
    Low 21.56%
    Spicy 21.41%
    Citrus 20.96%
    Opoponax 20.64%
    Sweet 20.29%

     

    Odor impact est.
    Low

  • Properties

    XLogP3-AA
    14.5

    pKa est.
    -6.01 (strong acid)

    Molecular weight
    536.9 g/mol

    Vapor pressure est.

    • hPa @ 20°C
    • hPa @ 25°C

    Evaporation rate
    Ultra slow

    Boiling point est.
    587°C

    Flash point

    • 174.67 ˚C est.

  • Synonyms

    • GAMMA-CAROTENE
    • 472-93-5
    • beta,psi-Carotene
    • UNII-DH369M0SOE
    • DH369M0SOE
    • .GAMMA.-CAROTENE
    • gamma-Carotene, all-trans-
    • .BETA.,.PSI.-CAROTENE
    • .GAMMA.-CAROTENE [MI]
    • 2-[(1E,3E,5E,7E,9E,11E,13E,15E,17E,19E)-3,7,12,16,20,24-hexamethylpentacosa-1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17,19,23-undecaenyl]-1,3,3-trimethylcyclohexene
    • CHEBI:27740
    • DTXSID70897429
    • .GAMMA.-CAROTENE, ALL-TRANS-
    • (ALL-E)-2-(3,7,12,16,20,24-HEXAMETHYL-1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17,19,23-PENTACOSAUNDECAENYL)-1,3,3-TRIMETHYLCYCLOHEXENE
    • CYCLOHEXENE, 2-(3,7,12,16,20,24-HEXAMETHYL-1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17,19,23-PENTACOSAUNDECAENYL)-1,3,3-TRIMETHYL-, (ALL-E)-
    • all-trans-gamma-Carotene
    • g-Carotene
    • I3-Carotene
    • 2-((1E,3E,5E,7E,9E,11E,13E,15E,17E,19E)-3,7,12,16,20,24-hexamethylpentacosa-1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17,19,23-undecaenyl)-1,3,3-trimethylcyclohexene
    • all-trans-I3-Carotene
    • RefChem:142286
    • DTXCID30911099
    • 2-((1E,3E,5E,7E,9E,11E,13E,15E,17E,19E)-3,7,12,16,20,24-hexamethylpentacosa-1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17,19,23-undecaen-1-yl)-1,3,3-trimethylcyclohex-1-ene
    • gamma-Carotin
    • Betacarotene EP Impurity B
    • orb2802061
    • SCHEMBL2867982
    • gamma-Carotene, >=90% (HPLC)
    • LMPR01070260
    • FC32341
    • CS-0824907
    • C05435
    • Q5520255
    • 2-(3,7,12,16,20,24-hexamethylpentacosa-1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17,19,23-undecaenyl)-1,3,3-trimethylcyclohexene
    • 2-[(1E,3E,5E,7E,9E,11E,13E,15E,17E,19E)-3,7,12,16,20,24-hexamethylpentacosa-1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17,19,23-undecaenyl]-1,3,3-trimethyl-cyclohexene
    • 472-93-5

  • Applications

    gamma-Carotene (CAS 472-93-5) is used as a natural pigment and colorant in foods and cosmetics, imparting orange to yellow hues in formulations; it is commonly evaluated as a provitamin A precursor and may be included in nutraceuticals and dietary supplements; in animal nutrition it is used as a feed additive to color eggs and poultry products; in industrial formulations it serves as an antioxidant and color stabilizer in polymers, coatings, and inks; it also appears as an intermediate or starting material in carotenoid synthesis and related research; and it may be employed in formulating specialty colorants for inks and coatings where carotenoid pigments are desired.

    gpt-5-nano

  • Solubility @25˚C

    Solvent Solubility (g/L)
    ethanol 0.23
    methanol 0.22
    isopropanol 0.08
    water 0.0
    ethyl acetate 2.99
    n-propanol 0.36
    acetone 0.65
    n-butanol 0.56
    acetonitrile 0.13
    DMF 1.2
    toluene 9.4
    isobutanol 0.26
    1,4-dioxane 3.97
    methyl acetate 1.13
    THF 15.69
    2-butanone 2.39
    n-pentanol 0.82
    sec-butanol 0.32
    n-hexane 1.78
    ethylene glycol 0.0
    NMP 8.35
    cyclohexane 2.25
    DMSO 0.67
    n-butyl acetate 6.96
    n-octanol 0.76
    chloroform 17.68
    n-propyl acetate 3.97
    acetic acid 0.34
    dichloromethane 15.07
    cyclohexanone 7.49
    propylene glycol 0.02
    isopropyl acetate 3.04
    DMAc 6.1
    2-ethoxyethanol 1.1
    isopentanol 0.61
    n-heptane 2.38
    ethyl formate 0.78
    1,2-dichloroethane 5.68
    n-hexanol 1.11
    2-methoxyethanol 0.54
    isobutyl acetate 4.31
    tetrachloromethane 2.5
    n-pentyl acetate 5.67
    transcutol 10.06
    n-heptanol 1.0
    ethylbenzene 7.42
    MIBK 2.94
    2-propoxyethanol 2.26
    tert-butanol 0.16
    MTBE 2.85
    2-butoxyethanol 2.38
    propionic acid 0.37
    o-xylene 5.4
    formic acid 0.07
    diethyl ether 3.3
    m-xylene 6.12
    p-xylene 6.14
    chlorobenzene 7.35
    dimethyl carbonate 0.85
    n-octane 0.6
    formamide 0.11
    cyclopentanone 6.9
    2-pentanone 2.82
    anisole 9.52
    cyclopentyl methyl ether 11.67
    gamma-butyrolactone 5.6
    1-methoxy-2-propanol 0.64
    pyridine 7.05
    3-pentanone 4.05
    furfural 4.9
    n-dodecane 0.26
    diethylene glycol 0.25
    diisopropyl ether 1.68
    tert-amyl alcohol 0.7
    acetylacetone 2.9
    n-hexadecane 0.31
    acetophenone 7.46
    methyl propionate 2.35
    isopentyl acetate 9.13
    trichloroethylene 14.91
    n-nonanol 1.17
    cyclohexanol 1.11
    benzyl alcohol 1.69
    2-ethylhexanol 2.47
    isooctanol 1.36
    dipropyl ether 10.96
    1,2-dichlorobenzene 9.32
    ethyl lactate 0.91
    propylene carbonate 3.66
    n-methylformamide 0.3
    2-pentanol 0.4
    n-pentane 0.74
    1-propoxy-2-propanol 2.63
    1-methoxy-2-propyl acetate 8.26
    2-(2-methoxypropoxy) propanol 5.97
    mesitylene 3.68
    ε-caprolactone 9.43
    p-cymene 5.29
    epichlorohydrin 9.15
    1,1,1-trichloroethane 6.42
    2-aminoethanol 0.03
    morpholine-4-carbaldehyde 5.52
    sulfolane 6.96
    2,2,4-trimethylpentane 1.31
    2-methyltetrahydrofuran 12.59
    n-hexyl acetate 5.58
    isooctane 0.53
    2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol 4.75
    sec-butyl acetate 6.12
    tert-butyl acetate 6.17
    decalin 2.49
    glycerin 0.04
    diglyme 13.63
    acrylic acid 0.26
    isopropyl myristate 3.6
    n-butyric acid 1.35
    acetyl acetate 2.0
    di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate 3.27
    ethyl propionate 5.38
    nitromethane 0.66
    1,2-diethoxyethane 9.9
    benzonitrile 1.42
    trioctyl phosphate 1.48
    1-bromopropane 7.07
    gamma-valerolactone 9.57
    n-decanol 0.76
    triethyl phosphate 7.67
    4-methyl-2-pentanol 0.54
    propionitrile 0.4
    vinylene carbonate 3.07
    1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane 3.3
    DMS 2.6
    cumene 4.86
    2-octanol 0.7
    2-hexanone 4.95
    octyl acetate 3.21
    limonene 7.63
    1,2-dimethoxyethane 5.44
    ethyl orthosilicate 10.61
    tributyl phosphate 2.17
    diacetone alcohol 2.09
    N,N-dimethylaniline 9.72
    acrylonitrile 0.34
    aniline 2.19
    1,3-propanediol 0.11
    bromobenzene 12.7
    dibromomethane 10.2
    1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane 12.14
    2-methyl-cyclohexyl acetate 14.37
    tetrabutyl urea 3.58
    diisobutyl methanol 1.85
    2-phenylethanol 2.7
    styrene 6.33
    dioctyl adipate 6.8
    dimethyl sulfate 1.75
    ethyl butyrate 12.44
    methyl lactate 0.42
    butyl lactate 2.21
    diethyl carbonate 5.47
    propanediol butyl ether 0.86
    triethyl orthoformate 14.59
    p-tert-butyltoluene 5.07
    methyl 4-tert-butylbenzoate 10.88
    morpholine 4.14
    tert-butylamine 0.18
    n-dodecanol 0.53
    dimethoxymethane 2.16
    ethylene carbonate 2.39
    cyrene 5.86
    2-ethoxyethyl acetate 7.3
    2-ethylhexyl acetate 12.36
    1,2,4-trichlorobenzene 10.62
    4-methylpyridine 7.03
    dibutyl ether 5.61
    2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanol 1.85
    DEF 4.53
    dimethyl isosorbide 20.79
    tetrachloroethylene 6.95
    eugenol 4.69
    triacetin 6.47
    span 80 4.15
    1,4-butanediol 0.06
    1,1-dichloroethane 3.38
    2-methyl-1-pentanol 1.66
    methyl formate 0.29
    2-methyl-1-butanol 0.87
    n-decane 0.68
    butyronitrile 0.69
    3,7-dimethyl-1-octanol 1.39
    1-chlorooctane 2.45
    1-chlorotetradecane 0.82
    n-nonane 0.59
    undecane 0.39
    tert-butylcyclohexane 2.39
    cyclooctane 1.47
    cyclopentanol 0.67
    tetrahydropyran 9.14
    tert-amyl methyl ether 6.25
    2,5,8-trioxanonane 9.95
    1-hexene 3.94
    2-isopropoxyethanol 1.18
    2,2,2-trifluoroethanol 0.14
    methyl butyrate 5.59

    Scent© AI

1 4

IFRA standard 51

Recommendation
No restriction
Maximum acceptable concentrations in the finished product (%)
Category 1
Products applied to the lips
 No restriction Category 7A
Rinse-off products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 2
Products applied to the axillae
 No restriction Category 7B
Leave-on products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 3
Products applied to the face/body using fingertips
 No restriction Category 8
Products with significant anogenital exposure
 No restriction
Category 4
Products related to fine fragrance
 No restriction Category 9
Products with body and hand exposure, primarily rinse off
 No restriction
Category 5A
Body lotion products applied to the body using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10A
Household care products with mostly hand contact
 No restriction
Category 5B
Face moisturizer products applied to the face using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10B
Household care products with mostly hand contact, including aerosol/spray products (with potential leave-on skin contact)
 No restriction
Category 5C
Hand cream products applied to the hands using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 11A
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate without UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 5D
Baby Creams, baby Oils and baby talc
 No restriction Category 11B
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate with potential UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 6
Products with oral and lip exposure
 No restriction Category 12
Products not intended for direct skin contact, minimal or insignificant transfer to skin
 No restriction