Azodicarbonamide

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  • Identifiers

    CAS number
    123-77-3

    Molecular formula
    C2H4N4O2

    SMILES
    C(=O)(N)/N=N/C(=O)N

    Safety labels

    Health Hazard
    Health

  • Odor profile

    Fragrance
    Odorless 70.98%
    Pungent 23.68%
    Savory 22.98%
    Cooked 19.9%
    Sweet 17.5%
    Meaty 16.91%
    Fishy 16.63%
    Burnt 15.67%
    Roasted 15.55%
    Ethereal 15.41%

     

    Flavor
    Odorless 46.15%
    Bitter 37.82%
    Nutty 35.4%
    Cooked 23.34%
    Very mild 22.93%
    Bread crust 21.62%
    Taco 21.48%
    Roasted peanuts 21.03%
    Yeast 20.98%
    Nitrile 20.57%

     

    Odor impact est.
    Odorless

  • Properties

    XLogP3-AA
    -1.0

    pKa est.
    7.49 (neutral)

    Molecular weight
    116.08 g/mol

    Vapor pressure est.

    • hPa @ 20°C
    • hPa @ 25°C

    Evaporation rate
    Ultra slow

    Melting point expt.

    • 437 °F (decomposes) (NTP, 1992)
    • 225 °C (decomposes)
    • 225 °C

    Boiling point

    • Decomposes (NTP, 1992)

    Flash point

    • 129.58 ˚C est.
    • 205 °F (NTP, 1992)
    • 205 °F

    Solubility expt.

    • less than 0.1 mg/mL at 70 °F (NTP, 1992)
    • SLIGHTLY SOL IN ETHER; INSOL IN ORGANIC SOLVENTS
    • Soluble in dimethyl sulfoxide; insoluble in common solvents
    • Very slightly soluble in hot water; insoluble in alcohol
    • In water, 35 mg/liter @ 20 °C
    • 0.035 mg/mL at 20 °C
    • Solubility in water: none

  • Synonyms

    • Azodicarbonamide
    • Diazenedicarboxamide
    • Azodicarboxamide
    • Azobisformamide
    • Azodiformamide
    • Azobiscarbonamide
    • Azobiscarboxamide
    • Azodicarbamide
    • Azodicarboamide
    • Celogen AZ
    • 123-77-3
    • 1,1'-Azodiformamide
    • 1,1'-Azobiscarbamide
    • 1,1'-Azobisformamide
    • Porofor ChKhZ 21
    • Genitron AC
    • Yunihomu AZ
    • Celosen AZ
    • Genitron EPC
    • Unifoam AZ
    • Uniform AZ
    • Azodicarboxylic acid diamide
    • Lucel ADA
    • Porofor ADC/R
    • Genitron AC 2
    • Genitron AC 4
    • C,C'-Azodi(formamide)
    • Nitropore
    • Pinhole AK 2
    • Ficel EP-A
    • Kempore
    • Pinhole ACR 3
    • Kempore 125
    • Porofor 505
    • Porofor DhKhZ 21
    • Porofor ChKhZ 21R
    • Celogen AZ 130
    • Celogen AZ 199
    • Kempore R 125
    • ChKhZ 21r
    • ChKhz 21
    • 1,2-Diazenedicarboxamide
    • Poramid K 1
    • ABFA
    • Unifoam AZH 25
    • Formamide, 1,1'-azobis-
    • Kempore 60/40
    • delta(1,1')-Biurea
    • Diazene-1,2-dicarboxamide
    • NCI-C55981
    • Porofor-lk 1074 (bayer)
    • CCRIS 842
    • (E)-carbamoyliminourea
    • Azoformamide
    • Azoplastone
    • Vinyfor
    • Azocel
    • Evipor
    • HSDB 1097
    • 1,1'-AZOBIS(FORMAMIDE)
    • 1,1'-Azobis[formamide]
    • Azoform A
    • Paramid K1
    • EINECS 204-650-8
    • NSC 41038
    • UN3242
    • NSC 674447
    • NSC-674447
    • Azobis CA 51C
    • AI3-52516
    • Azobis CA 110B
    • 56Z28B9C8O
    • NSC-41038
    • AZM 2S
    • AZODICARBONAMIDE [MI]
    • AZODICARBONAMIDE [FCC]
    • E927a
    • DTXCID104553
    • DTXSID0024553
    • EC 204-650-8
    • 1,1'-AZOBIS(FORMAMIDE) [HSDB]
    • (E)-(carbamoylimino)urea
    • (E)-diazene-1,2-dicarboxamide
    • CAS-123-77-3
    • ADK Stab OF 14
    • AC 1C
    • AC 1L
    • UNII-56Z28B9C8O
    • NSC674447
    • AA 110S
    • Ficel EPA
    • (carbamoylimino)urea
    • Porofore 505
    • 1,1'Azodiformamide
    • 1,1'azobisformamide
    • AZOBUL
    • 1,1'Azobiscarbamide
    • CELLMIC CAP
    • delta(1,1')Biurea
    • POROFOR ADC
    • UNIFOAM AZH
    • UNIFOAM AZM
    • UNIFOAM AZS
    • UNIFOAM SOL
    • AZOBIS CA
    • CELLMIC C
    • CELLMIC CE
    • UNIFOAM Z
    • VINYLOL AC
    • FICEL AC
    • Formamide,1'-azobis-
    • UNIFOAM AZH-M
    • VINYFOR AC-LQ
    • Azodicarboxamide, 97%
    • LN: ZVNUNVZY
    • UNIFOAM AZ-L
    • VINIFOR AC-T
    • .delta.1,1'-Biurea
    • AZ-HM
    • GENITRON ACSP 4
    • 1,1'Azobis(formamide)
    • FASCOM AZ 4ED
    • Formamide, 1,1'azobis
    • GENITRON AC 3
    • VINIFOR AC 3A
    • VINYFOR AC 1C
    • VINYFOR AC 3C
    • VINYFOR AC 3M

  • Applications

    Azodicarbonamide (CAS 123-77-3) is primarily used as a chemical blowing agent to produce cellular plastics and elastomer foams, enabling lower-density materials in applications such as foamed PVC, PE, PS, EVA, and polyurethane systems; it also serves as a dough conditioner in the baking industry to improve loaf volume and texture (commonly used in bread formulations). In polymer processing, ADA can function as a processing aid to control porosity and density during foam formation. Additionally, in chemical manufacturing it may be used as an intermediate or precursor in organic synthesis under appropriate conditions and regulatory constraints.

    gpt-5-nano

  • Solubility @25˚C

    Solvent Solubility (g/L)
    ethanol 0.84
    methanol 1.74
    isopropanol 0.49
    water 0.75
    ethyl acetate 0.18
    n-propanol 0.49
    acetone 0.59
    n-butanol 0.36
    acetonitrile 0.34
    DMF 8.81
    toluene 0.08
    isobutanol 0.3
    1,4-dioxane 0.75
    methyl acetate 0.55
    THF 1.17
    2-butanone 0.5
    n-pentanol 0.27
    sec-butanol 0.36
    n-hexane 0.04
    ethylene glycol 1.29
    NMP 5.3
    cyclohexane 0.02
    DMSO 24.34
    n-butyl acetate 0.52
    n-octanol 0.31
    chloroform 0.37
    n-propyl acetate 0.23
    acetic acid 0.64
    dichloromethane 0.69
    cyclohexanone 0.52
    propylene glycol 0.85
    isopropyl acetate 0.12
    DMAc 7.77
    2-ethoxyethanol 1.34
    isopentanol 0.28
    n-heptane 0.04
    ethyl formate 1.28
    1,2-dichloroethane 0.5
    n-hexanol 0.29
    2-methoxyethanol 3.22
    isobutyl acetate 0.12
    tetrachloromethane 0.11
    n-pentyl acetate 0.31
    transcutol 1.4
    n-heptanol 0.26
    ethylbenzene 0.09
    MIBK 0.17
    2-propoxyethanol 1.43
    tert-butanol 0.51
    MTBE 0.27
    2-butoxyethanol 0.99
    propionic acid 0.44
    o-xylene 0.12
    formic acid 2.2
    diethyl ether 0.17
    m-xylene 0.07
    p-xylene 0.14
    chlorobenzene 0.11
    dimethyl carbonate 0.53
    n-octane 0.03
    formamide 2.93
    cyclopentanone 0.91
    2-pentanone 0.24
    anisole 0.31
    cyclopentyl methyl ether 0.24
    gamma-butyrolactone 1.44
    1-methoxy-2-propanol 1.43
    pyridine 0.65
    3-pentanone 0.21
    furfural 3.62
    n-dodecane 0.03
    diethylene glycol 2.2
    diisopropyl ether 0.04
    tert-amyl alcohol 0.46
    acetylacetone 0.34
    n-hexadecane 0.03
    acetophenone 0.41
    methyl propionate 0.36
    isopentyl acetate 0.44
    trichloroethylene 0.48
    n-nonanol 0.3
    cyclohexanol 0.18
    benzyl alcohol 0.4
    2-ethylhexanol 0.2
    isooctanol 0.2
    dipropyl ether 0.25
    1,2-dichlorobenzene 0.18
    ethyl lactate 0.53
    propylene carbonate 0.85
    n-methylformamide 3.21
    2-pentanol 0.15
    n-pentane 0.03
    1-propoxy-2-propanol 1.01
    1-methoxy-2-propyl acetate 0.62
    2-(2-methoxypropoxy) propanol 1.56
    mesitylene 0.06
    ε-caprolactone 0.62
    p-cymene 0.12
    epichlorohydrin 1.39
    1,1,1-trichloroethane 0.15
    2-aminoethanol 1.26
    morpholine-4-carbaldehyde 4.66
    sulfolane 4.8
    2,2,4-trimethylpentane 0.02
    2-methyltetrahydrofuran 0.46
    n-hexyl acetate 0.35
    isooctane 0.01
    2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol 1.21
    sec-butyl acetate 0.11
    tert-butyl acetate 0.16
    decalin 0.02
    glycerin 1.99
    diglyme 2.83
    acrylic acid 0.57
    isopropyl myristate 0.17
    n-butyric acid 0.41
    acetyl acetate 0.13
    di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate 0.48
    ethyl propionate 0.22
    nitromethane 1.89
    1,2-diethoxyethane 0.47
    benzonitrile 0.37
    trioctyl phosphate 0.35
    1-bromopropane 0.25
    gamma-valerolactone 2.28
    n-decanol 0.23
    triethyl phosphate 0.6
    4-methyl-2-pentanol 0.1
    propionitrile 0.35
    vinylene carbonate 0.97
    1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane 2.43
    DMS 0.44
    cumene 0.09
    2-octanol 0.19
    2-hexanone 0.29
    octyl acetate 0.26
    limonene 0.14
    1,2-dimethoxyethane 3.47
    ethyl orthosilicate 0.49
    tributyl phosphate 0.4
    diacetone alcohol 0.48
    N,N-dimethylaniline 0.49
    acrylonitrile 0.62
    aniline 0.24
    1,3-propanediol 1.19
    bromobenzene 0.1
    dibromomethane 0.42
    1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane 0.57
    2-methyl-cyclohexyl acetate 0.33
    tetrabutyl urea 0.8
    diisobutyl methanol 0.15
    2-phenylethanol 0.39
    styrene 0.09
    dioctyl adipate 0.35
    dimethyl sulfate 2.34
    ethyl butyrate 0.34
    methyl lactate 0.95
    butyl lactate 0.67
    diethyl carbonate 0.42
    propanediol butyl ether 1.03
    triethyl orthoformate 0.51
    p-tert-butyltoluene 0.13
    methyl 4-tert-butylbenzoate 0.82
    morpholine 0.99
    tert-butylamine 0.25
    n-dodecanol 0.18
    dimethoxymethane 2.11
    ethylene carbonate 0.65
    cyrene 1.22
    2-ethoxyethyl acetate 0.49
    2-ethylhexyl acetate 0.35
    1,2,4-trichlorobenzene 0.22
    4-methylpyridine 0.66
    dibutyl ether 0.23
    2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanol 0.15
    DEF 0.94
    dimethyl isosorbide 2.02
    tetrachloroethylene 0.41
    eugenol 1.02
    triacetin 0.47
    span 80 0.78
    1,4-butanediol 0.64
    1,1-dichloroethane 0.2
    2-methyl-1-pentanol 0.22
    methyl formate 3.09
    2-methyl-1-butanol 0.27
    n-decane 0.04
    butyronitrile 0.33
    3,7-dimethyl-1-octanol 0.24
    1-chlorooctane 0.11
    1-chlorotetradecane 0.06
    n-nonane 0.03
    undecane 0.03
    tert-butylcyclohexane 0.02
    cyclooctane 0.01
    cyclopentanol 0.33
    tetrahydropyran 0.26
    tert-amyl methyl ether 0.25
    2,5,8-trioxanonane 2.31
    1-hexene 0.1
    2-isopropoxyethanol 0.6
    2,2,2-trifluoroethanol 0.65
    methyl butyrate 0.45

    Scent© AI

1 4

IFRA standard 51

Recommendation
No restriction
Maximum acceptable concentrations in the finished product (%)
Category 1
Products applied to the lips
 No restriction Category 7A
Rinse-off products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 2
Products applied to the axillae
 No restriction Category 7B
Leave-on products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 3
Products applied to the face/body using fingertips
 No restriction Category 8
Products with significant anogenital exposure
 No restriction
Category 4
Products related to fine fragrance
 No restriction Category 9
Products with body and hand exposure, primarily rinse off
 No restriction
Category 5A
Body lotion products applied to the body using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10A
Household care products with mostly hand contact
 No restriction
Category 5B
Face moisturizer products applied to the face using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10B
Household care products with mostly hand contact, including aerosol/spray products (with potential leave-on skin contact)
 No restriction
Category 5C
Hand cream products applied to the hands using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 11A
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate without UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 5D
Baby Creams, baby Oils and baby talc
 No restriction Category 11B
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate with potential UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 6
Products with oral and lip exposure
 No restriction Category 12
Products not intended for direct skin contact, minimal or insignificant transfer to skin
 No restriction