Ascorbic Acid

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  • Identifiers

    CAS number
    50-81-7

    Molecular formula
    C6H8O6

    SMILES
    C([C@@H]([C@@H]1C(=C(C(=O)O1)O)O)O)O

  • Odor profile

    Fragrance
    Odorless 71.61%
    Caramellic 38.15%
    Sweet 23.52%
    Burnt 22.61%
    Savory 19.93%
    Clean 19.32%
    Sharp 18.34%
    Buttery 16.78%
    Milky 16.4%
    Sour 14.25%

     

    Flavor
    Odorless 48.37%
    Very mild 37.18%
    Sweet-like 25.77%
    Bland 22.44%
    Bitter 21.76%
    Cotton candy 20.54%
    Caramellic 20.54%
    Extremely sweet 20.52%
    Seedy 20.44%
    Fenugreek 20.28%

     

    Odor impact est.
    Low

  • Properties

    XLogP3-AA
    -1.6

    pKa est.
    5.05 (weak acid)

    Molecular weight
    176.12 g/mol

    Vapor pressure est.

    • hPa @ 20°C
    • hPa @ 25°C

    Evaporation rate
    Ultra slow

    Boiling point est.
    564°C

    Melting point expt.

    • 374 to 378 °F (decomposes) (NTP, 1992)
    • 191 dec °C
    • Between 189 °C and 193 °C with decomposition
    • 190-192 °C (some decomposition)
    • Melting point = 465.15 deg K, decomposes.
    • 191 °C

    Flash point

    • 216.78 ˚C est.

    Solubility expt.

    • greater than or equal to 100 mg/mL at 73 °F (NTP, 1992)
    • 400000 mg/L (at 40 °C)
    • Insoluble in ether, chloroform, benzene, petroleum ether, oils, fats, fat solvents
    • 1 g dissolves in about 3 ml of water.
    • The solubility in g/mL is 0.33 in water, 0.033 in 95 wt% ethanol, 0.02 in absolute ethanol, 0.01 in glycerol USP, 0.05 in propylene glycol.
    • Solubility in water: 80% at 100 °C, 40% at 45 °C
    • 400 mg/mL at 40 °C
    • Solubility in water, g/100ml at 20 °C: 33 (freely soluble)

  • Synonyms

    • l-ascorbic acid
    • ascorbic acid
    • vitamin C
    • 50-81-7
    • L-ascorbate
    • Ascoltin
    • ascorbate
    • Ascorbicap
    • Cevitamic acid
    • L(+)-Ascorbic acid
    • Laroscorbine
    • Testascorbic
    • Allercorb
    • Ascorbajen
    • Ascorbutina
    • Ascorteal
    • Ascorvit
    • Cantaxin
    • Cebicure
    • Cegiolan
    • Celaskon
    • Cenetone
    • Cenolate
    • Cescorbat
    • Cetemican
    • Cevatine
    • Cevitamin
    • Citriscorb
    • Colascor
    • Concemin
    • Lemascorb
    • Proscorbin
    • Roscorbic
    • Secorbate
    • Viforcit
    • Viscorin
    • Vitacimin
    • Vitamisin
    • Vitascorbol
    • Adenex
    • Ascorb
    • Ascorin
    • Cantan
    • Cebion
    • Cebione
    • Ceglion
    • Cemagyl
    • Cemill
    • Cereon
    • Cergona
    • Cetamid
    • Cevimin
    • Cevital
    • Cevitan
    • Cevitex
    • Ciamin
    • Hybrin
    • Redoxon
    • Ribena
    • Vicelat
    • Vitace
    • Vitacee
    • Vitacin
    • Cebid
    • Cecon
    • Celin
    • Cevex
    • Cipca
    • Hicee
    • Xitix
    • Davitamon C
    • Arco-cee
    • Planavit C
    • Catavin C
    • Ce lent
    • Liqui-Cee
    • Vicomin C
    • Cee-Vite
    • Cevi-Bid
    • Natrascorb
    • Scorbacid
    • Scorbu-C
    • Duoscorb
    • C-Level
    • C-Vimin
    • Cetane-Caps TD
    • Cewin
    • C-Long
    • C-Quin
    • C-Span
    • Meri-C
    • Cee-Caps TD
    • Cevalin
    • Antiscorbic vitamin
    • L-Lyxoascorbic acid
    • L-Xyloascorbic acid
    • Ce-Mi-Lin
    • Acidum ascorbicum
    • Antiscorbutic vitamin
    • Natrascorb injectable
    • IDO-C
    • Cetane-Caps TC
    • Acidum ascorbinicum
    • CE-VI-Sol
    • Acido ascorbico
    • 3-Oxo-L-gulofuranolactone
    • 3-Keto-L-gulofuranolactone
    • Acide ascorbique
    • L-(+)-Ascorbic Acid
    • Kyselina askorbova
    • Dora-C-500
    • Ferrous ascorbate
    • Ascor-B.I.D.
    • Ascorbicab
    • (R)-5-((S)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl)-3,4-dihydroxyfuran-2(5H)-one
    • Cortalex
    • Ferancee
    • Stuartinic
    • Tolfrinic
    • L-Threoascorbic acid
    • Caswell No. 061B
    • Antiscorbutic factor
    • FEMA No. 2109
    • L-3-Ketothreohexuronic acid lactone
    • Ascorbinsaeure
    • (+)-Ascorbic acid
    • Chromagen
    • Kyselina askorbova [Czech]

  • Applications

    L-Ascorbic acid (Vitamin C, CAS 50-81-7) is a water-soluble antioxidant whose versatility spans multiple industries: in food processing it is added to beverages, meats, confections and canned vegetables to prevent enzymatic browning, stabilize color, adjust acidity and enrich nutrition; in pharmaceuticals it is formulated into tablets, injectables, syrups or combined with zinc, calcium or bioflavonoids to treat scurvy, bolster immunity, accelerate wound healing and protect capillaries; in cosmetics it stimulates collagen synthesis, inhibits tyrosinase, brightens complexion and counteracts photo-aging; in animal feed and agriculture it enhances livestock health and plant stress resistance; it also serves as a reducing agent in electroplating, an initiator or scavenger in polymerization reactions, and a reagent in analytical chemistry.

    gpt-5-nano

  • Solubility @25˚C

    Solvent Solubility (g/L)
    ethanol 11.64
    methanol 57.99
    isopropanol 3.19
    water 265.52
    ethyl acetate 0.38
    n-propanol 3.01
    acetone 1.0
    n-butanol 1.93
    acetonitrile 1.01
    DMF 113.72
    toluene 0.39
    isobutanol 1.25
    1,4-dioxane 3.8
    methyl acetate 0.58
    THF 2.1
    2-butanone 0.77
    n-pentanol 1.75
    sec-butanol 1.95
    n-hexane 0.14
    ethylene glycol 112.55
    NMP 84.24
    cyclohexane 0.48
    DMSO 522.9
    n-butyl acetate 0.61
    n-octanol 2.22
    chloroform 0.41
    n-propyl acetate 0.39
    acetic acid 4.17
    dichloromethane 1.05
    cyclohexanone 1.95
    propylene glycol 30.78
    isopropyl acetate 0.36
    DMAc 66.2
    2-ethoxyethanol 21.65
    isopentanol 1.32
    n-heptane 0.79
    ethyl formate 0.95
    1,2-dichloroethane 1.25
    n-hexanol 2.08
    2-methoxyethanol 51.11
    isobutyl acetate 0.18
    tetrachloromethane 0.24
    n-pentyl acetate 0.77
    transcutol 17.89
    n-heptanol 2.78
    ethylbenzene 0.37
    MIBK 0.61
    2-propoxyethanol 12.02
    tert-butanol 3.16
    MTBE 0.74
    2-butoxyethanol 9.74
    propionic acid 2.2
    o-xylene 0.93
    formic acid 105.55
    diethyl ether 0.72
    m-xylene 0.64
    p-xylene 0.42
    chlorobenzene 0.21
    dimethyl carbonate 3.29
    n-octane 0.38
    formamide 105.31
    cyclopentanone 1.89
    2-pentanone 0.64
    anisole 0.98
    cyclopentyl methyl ether 1.27
    gamma-butyrolactone 3.32
    1-methoxy-2-propanol 22.18
    pyridine 1.66
    3-pentanone 0.71
    furfural 8.22
    n-dodecane 0.24
    diethylene glycol 44.33
    diisopropyl ether 0.35
    tert-amyl alcohol 2.45
    acetylacetone 1.47
    n-hexadecane 0.26
    acetophenone 1.69
    methyl propionate 1.26
    isopentyl acetate 0.5
    trichloroethylene 1.02
    n-nonanol 2.1
    cyclohexanol 2.22
    benzyl alcohol 2.76
    2-ethylhexanol 1.15
    isooctanol 1.84
    dipropyl ether 1.39
    1,2-dichlorobenzene 0.43
    ethyl lactate 3.1
    propylene carbonate 1.36
    n-methylformamide 34.67
    2-pentanol 1.17
    n-pentane 0.25
    1-propoxy-2-propanol 6.93
    1-methoxy-2-propyl acetate 2.34
    2-(2-methoxypropoxy) propanol 9.67
    mesitylene 0.65
    ε-caprolactone 2.06
    p-cymene 0.8
    epichlorohydrin 2.78
    1,1,1-trichloroethane 0.19
    2-aminoethanol 51.54
    morpholine-4-carbaldehyde 51.13
    sulfolane 31.94
    2,2,4-trimethylpentane 0.14
    2-methyltetrahydrofuran 1.1
    n-hexyl acetate 1.0
    isooctane 0.09
    2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol 12.96
    sec-butyl acetate 0.23
    tert-butyl acetate 0.66
    decalin 0.2
    glycerin 106.32
    diglyme 18.66
    acrylic acid 5.07
    isopropyl myristate 0.59
    n-butyric acid 1.24
    acetyl acetate 0.39
    di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate 1.44
    ethyl propionate 0.49
    nitromethane 8.12
    1,2-diethoxyethane 1.7
    benzonitrile 0.88
    trioctyl phosphate 1.37
    1-bromopropane 0.41
    gamma-valerolactone 8.94
    n-decanol 1.73
    triethyl phosphate 1.16
    4-methyl-2-pentanol 0.78
    propionitrile 0.68
    vinylene carbonate 1.64
    1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane 16.8
    DMS 1.25
    cumene 0.41
    2-octanol 1.45
    2-hexanone 0.53
    octyl acetate 0.94
    limonene 1.08
    1,2-dimethoxyethane 9.43
    ethyl orthosilicate 1.09
    tributyl phosphate 0.85
    diacetone alcohol 4.03
    N,N-dimethylaniline 2.34
    acrylonitrile 1.74
    aniline 1.32
    1,3-propanediol 24.16
    bromobenzene 0.18
    dibromomethane 0.59
    1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane 1.48
    2-methyl-cyclohexyl acetate 0.79
    tetrabutyl urea 2.78
    diisobutyl methanol 1.06
    2-phenylethanol 2.51
    styrene 0.31
    dioctyl adipate 1.22
    dimethyl sulfate 15.04
    ethyl butyrate 0.73
    methyl lactate 11.26
    butyl lactate 2.29
    diethyl carbonate 0.58
    propanediol butyl ether 11.17
    triethyl orthoformate 1.05
    p-tert-butyltoluene 0.82
    methyl 4-tert-butylbenzoate 4.68
    morpholine 6.77
    tert-butylamine 1.44
    n-dodecanol 1.4
    dimethoxymethane 15.18
    ethylene carbonate 1.08
    cyrene 18.26
    2-ethoxyethyl acetate 1.49
    2-ethylhexyl acetate 0.43
    1,2,4-trichlorobenzene 0.63
    4-methylpyridine 1.17
    dibutyl ether 0.74
    2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanol 1.06
    DEF 5.94
    dimethyl isosorbide 11.39
    tetrachloroethylene 1.39
    eugenol 6.58
    triacetin 2.2
    span 80 7.8
    1,4-butanediol 16.42
    1,1-dichloroethane 0.26
    2-methyl-1-pentanol 1.18
    methyl formate 11.47
    2-methyl-1-butanol 1.33
    n-decane 0.37
    butyronitrile 0.54
    3,7-dimethyl-1-octanol 1.24
    1-chlorooctane 0.6
    1-chlorotetradecane 0.35
    n-nonane 0.38
    undecane 0.29
    tert-butylcyclohexane 0.12
    cyclooctane 0.41
    cyclopentanol 2.17
    tetrahydropyran 0.99
    tert-amyl methyl ether 1.03
    2,5,8-trioxanonane 19.31
    1-hexene 0.22
    2-isopropoxyethanol 7.64
    2,2,2-trifluoroethanol 8.74
    methyl butyrate 0.69

    Scent© AI

1 4

IFRA standard 51

Recommendation
No restriction
Maximum acceptable concentrations in the finished product (%)
Category 1
Products applied to the lips
 No restriction Category 7A
Rinse-off products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 2
Products applied to the axillae
 No restriction Category 7B
Leave-on products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 3
Products applied to the face/body using fingertips
 No restriction Category 8
Products with significant anogenital exposure
 No restriction
Category 4
Products related to fine fragrance
 No restriction Category 9
Products with body and hand exposure, primarily rinse off
 No restriction
Category 5A
Body lotion products applied to the body using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10A
Household care products with mostly hand contact
 No restriction
Category 5B
Face moisturizer products applied to the face using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10B
Household care products with mostly hand contact, including aerosol/spray products (with potential leave-on skin contact)
 No restriction
Category 5C
Hand cream products applied to the hands using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 11A
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate without UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 5D
Baby Creams, baby Oils and baby talc
 No restriction Category 11B
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate with potential UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 6
Products with oral and lip exposure
 No restriction Category 12
Products not intended for direct skin contact, minimal or insignificant transfer to skin
 No restriction