Ammonium Chloride

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  • Identifiers

    CAS number
    12125-02-9

    Molecular formula
    ClH4N

    SMILES
    [NH4+].[Cl-]

    Safety labels

    Irritant
    Irritant

  • Odor profile

    Odor impact est.
    Odorless

  • Properties

    pKa est.
    10.68 (weak base)

    Molecular weight
    53.49 g/mol

    Melting point expt.

    • 662 °F (Sublimes) (NIOSH, 2024)
    • 350 ° C (Sublimes)
    • 520.1 (triple point; decomposes)
    • 662 °F (sublimes)
    • 662 °F (Sublimes)

    Boiling point

    • Sublimes (NIOSH, 2024)
    • Sublimes
    • 338 °C (sublimes)
    • 520 °C
    • sublimes

    Flash point

    • 14.98 ˚C est.

    Solubility expt.

    • 37 % (NIOSH, 2024)
    • Strongly endothermic; sublimes without melting; somewhat hygroscopic; tendency to cake; hydrochloric acid and sodium chloride decrease solubility in water
    • In water, 39.5 g/100 g water at 25 °C
    • Almost insoluble in acetone, ether, ethyl acetate; soluble in alcohol
    • 28.3% (wt/wt) in water at 25 °C
    • Soluble in liquid ammonia
    • For more Solubility (Complete) data for AMMONIUM CHLORIDE (10 total), please visit the HSDB record page.
    • Solubility in water, g/100ml at 25 °C: 28.3
    • 37%

  • Synonyms

    • AMMONIUM CHLORIDE
    • 12125-02-9
    • Ammonium muriate
    • Darammon
    • Ammoniumchlorid
    • Amchlor
    • Ammoneric
    • Chlorammonic
    • Salammonite
    • Sal ammonia
    • Ammon Chlor
    • Ammonii Chloridum
    • Ammonium Chloratum
    • Cloruro de Amonio
    • Muriate of Ammonia
    • Ammonium chloride ((NH4)Cl)
    • Gen-Diur (Spain)
    • Amoklor
    • Chlorid ammonia
    • Ammonium chloride fume
    • Chlorid amonny
    • Ammonium Chloride Tablets
    • Ammonium Chloride Injection
    • Chlorammonic [France]
    • Salammoniacus
    • Catalyst rd
    • Ammonium chloride 2.14%
    • Ammonium muriaticum
    • DTXSID0020078
    • AI3-08937
    • 01Q9PC255D
    • Ins no.510
    • Ammonium chloride in plastic container
    • Ins-510
    • Ammonium chloride 0.9% in normal saline
    • FEMA NO. 4494
    • CHEBI:31206
    • Chlorammonic (France)
    • E 510
    • E-510
    • Ammoniac, Sal
    • Sal ammoniac fume
    • Chloride, Ammonium
    • Ammonium muriate fume
    • Dytuss
    • Tussi ammon co
    • COLDS COUGHS
    • RefChem:6612
    • DTXCID3078
    • Yep wake the faith up Ammonia inhalant
    • 235-186-4
    • Salmiac
    • Sal ammoniac
    • ammoniumchloride
    • NH4Cl
    • Ammoniumklorid
    • Ammonchlor
    • Chloramon
    • Elektrolyt
    • Ammonium-15N,d4 chloride
    • Chlorid amonny [Czech]
    • Ammoniumchlorid [German]
    • Chlorid ammonia [Czech]
    • CCRIS 7262
    • HSDB 483
    • EINECS 235-186-4
    • Ammonium chloride [USP:JAN]
    • UNII-01Q9PC255D
    • ammonium chlorid
    • ammonium choride
    • ammonium cloride
    • amonium chloride
    • chloride ammonium
    • ammoniurn chloride
    • amrnonium chloride
    • arnmonium chloride
    • Ammonium chloride (NH4)(HCl2))
    • ammonia hydrochloride
    • Conclyte-A (TN)
    • ammonia hydrochloride-
    • ammonium chloride salt
    • 99011-95-7
    • EC 235-186-4
    • Ammonium chloride ACS grade
    • Ammonium chloride - $-beta
    • Ammonium chloride - $-alpha
    • Ammonium chloride (JAN/USP)
    • AMMONIUM CHLORIDE [II]
    • AMMONIUM CHLORIDE [MI]
    • Ammonium chloride, Puratronic?
    • AMMONIUM CHLORIDE [FCC]
    • AMMONIUM CHLORIDE [JAN]
    • AMMONIUM CHLORIDE [HSDB]
    • AMMONIUM CHLORIDE [VANDF]
    • AMMONIUM CHLORIDE [MART.]
    • AMMONIUM MURIATICUM [HPUS]
    • HMS5087F09
    • AMMONIUM CHLORIDE [USP-RS]
    • AMMONIUM CHLORIDE [WHO-DD]
    • Saturated Ammonium Chloride solution
    • Ammonium chloride, biochemical grade
    • MFCD00143604
    • AKOS015833109
    • AMMONIUM CHLORIDE [GREEN BOOK]
    • AMMONIUM CHLORIDE [ORANGE BOOK]
    • DB06767
    • FA47047
    • AMMONIUM CHLORIDE [EP MONOGRAPH]
    • AMMONIUM CHLORIDE [USP MONOGRAPH]
    • DA-50427
    • A2037
    • NS00075783
    • Ammonium chloride 20% (w/w) aqueous solution
    • D01139
    • Ammonium chloride, trace metals grade, 99.97%
    • USP Solution Ammonium Chloride TS Conforms to USP
    • Reagecon Ammonium Chloride Solution NH4 10 microg/mL according to Chinese Pharmacopoeia (ChP) Limit Tests
    • 12125-02-9

  • Applications

    Ammonium Chloride (CAS 12125-02-9) has diverse applications across industries: it acts as a flux for soldering and brazing to remove oxides and improve joint formation in electronics and metalworking; it serves as a nitrogen source in fertilizers and as a feed acidifying agent in ruminant nutrition; it is used as a flavoring and acidity-regulating additive in certain foods (for example in salmiak licorice enjoyed in some markets); it functions as an electrolyte in zinc–carbon batteries and in certain electrochemical processes; it is used in cleaning formulations as a descaling/acidifying agent for household and industrial cleaners; and it may be employed as a buffering agent or pharmaceutical excipient in manufacturing, depending on formulation requirements.

    gpt-5-nano

  • Solubility @25˚C

    Solvent Solubility (g/L)
    ethanol 78.83
    methanol 170.09
    isopropanol 42.78
    water 92.53
    ethyl acetate 6.03
    n-propanol 51.16
    acetone 12.42
    n-butanol 34.65
    acetonitrile 11.88
    DMF 93.55
    toluene 0.99
    isobutanol 29.79
    1,4-dioxane 18.74
    methyl acetate 10.0
    THF 33.44
    2-butanone 8.76
    n-pentanol 16.87
    sec-butanol 31.92
    n-hexane 1.43
    ethylene glycol 114.83
    NMP 74.47
    cyclohexane 1.06
    DMSO 67.67
    n-butyl acetate 5.8
    n-octanol 7.19
    chloroform 13.47
    n-propyl acetate 3.27
    acetic acid 118.6
    dichloromethane 10.42
    cyclohexanone 13.58
    propylene glycol 98.01
    isopropyl acetate 2.88
    DMAc 53.16
    2-ethoxyethanol 29.41
    isopentanol 17.44
    n-heptane 1.25
    ethyl formate 16.65
    1,2-dichloroethane 5.63
    n-hexanol 17.76
    2-methoxyethanol 84.03
    isobutyl acetate 2.03
    tetrachloromethane 4.51
    n-pentyl acetate 4.9
    transcutol 21.53
    n-heptanol 10.78
    ethylbenzene 0.68
    MIBK 2.57
    2-propoxyethanol 32.06
    tert-butanol 31.62
    MTBE 6.94
    2-butoxyethanol 22.0
    propionic acid 61.45
    o-xylene 1.26
    formic acid 175.99
    diethyl ether 5.55
    m-xylene 0.98
    p-xylene 1.08
    chlorobenzene 2.56
    dimethyl carbonate 5.07
    n-octane 0.53
    formamide 102.28
    cyclopentanone 25.22
    2-pentanone 5.54
    anisole 2.17
    cyclopentyl methyl ether 8.8
    gamma-butyrolactone 43.23
    1-methoxy-2-propanol 42.71
    pyridine 11.29
    3-pentanone 4.35
    furfural 35.16
    n-dodecane 0.35
    diethylene glycol 39.58
    diisopropyl ether 1.19
    tert-amyl alcohol 26.93
    acetylacetone 4.43
    n-hexadecane 0.36
    acetophenone 2.94
    methyl propionate 8.93
    isopentyl acetate 4.82
    trichloroethylene 9.43
    n-nonanol 5.94
    cyclohexanol 17.97
    benzyl alcohol 6.05
    2-ethylhexanol 6.52
    isooctanol 6.75
    dipropyl ether 4.13
    1,2-dichlorobenzene 2.73
    ethyl lactate 7.2
    propylene carbonate 19.55
    n-methylformamide 71.49
    2-pentanol 14.57
    n-pentane 1.57
    1-propoxy-2-propanol 19.73
    1-methoxy-2-propyl acetate 6.16
    2-(2-methoxypropoxy) propanol 10.61
    mesitylene 0.72
    ε-caprolactone 15.65
    p-cymene 1.25
    epichlorohydrin 18.73
    1,1,1-trichloroethane 3.9
    2-aminoethanol 123.64
    morpholine-4-carbaldehyde 44.22
    sulfolane 56.74
    2,2,4-trimethylpentane 0.93
    2-methyltetrahydrofuran 17.24
    n-hexyl acetate 6.19
    isooctane 0.45
    2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol 15.79
    sec-butyl acetate 1.8
    tert-butyl acetate 2.88
    decalin 0.5
    glycerin 121.02
    diglyme 20.14
    acrylic acid 68.39
    isopropyl myristate 2.02
    n-butyric acid 42.88
    acetyl acetate 3.68
    di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate 4.82
    ethyl propionate 3.29
    nitromethane 53.99
    1,2-diethoxyethane 4.35
    benzonitrile 5.07
    trioctyl phosphate 4.2
    1-bromopropane 4.09
    gamma-valerolactone 34.97
    n-decanol 4.29
    triethyl phosphate 3.36
    4-methyl-2-pentanol 5.53
    propionitrile 11.05
    vinylene carbonate 17.68
    1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane 42.0
    DMS 4.89
    cumene 0.77
    2-octanol 5.85
    2-hexanone 3.21
    octyl acetate 3.66
    limonene 1.94
    1,2-dimethoxyethane 21.18
    ethyl orthosilicate 3.25
    tributyl phosphate 4.04
    diacetone alcohol 9.09
    N,N-dimethylaniline 2.63
    acrylonitrile 16.85
    aniline 7.53
    1,3-propanediol 86.53
    bromobenzene 1.54
    dibromomethane 6.44
    1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane 10.67
    2-methyl-cyclohexyl acetate 3.5
    tetrabutyl urea 5.54
    diisobutyl methanol 2.81
    2-phenylethanol 6.71
    styrene 0.8
    dioctyl adipate 3.49
    dimethyl sulfate 11.41
    ethyl butyrate 3.59
    methyl lactate 18.5
    butyl lactate 9.22
    diethyl carbonate 2.92
    propanediol butyl ether 22.04
    triethyl orthoformate 3.89
    p-tert-butyltoluene 1.33
    methyl 4-tert-butylbenzoate 6.58
    morpholine 33.31
    tert-butylamine 15.74
    n-dodecanol 3.15
    dimethoxymethane 19.32
    ethylene carbonate 13.8
    cyrene 12.29
    2-ethoxyethyl acetate 5.41
    2-ethylhexyl acetate 3.8
    1,2,4-trichlorobenzene 3.85
    4-methylpyridine 8.29
    dibutyl ether 2.65
    2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanol 2.81
    DEF 15.02
    dimethyl isosorbide 12.39
    tetrachloroethylene 10.11
    eugenol 9.51
    triacetin 5.1
    span 80 14.73
    1,4-butanediol 34.82
    1,1-dichloroethane 4.95
    2-methyl-1-pentanol 9.6
    methyl formate 37.85
    2-methyl-1-butanol 21.59
    n-decane 0.55
    butyronitrile 11.26
    3,7-dimethyl-1-octanol 4.62
    1-chlorooctane 1.68
    1-chlorotetradecane 0.74
    n-nonane 0.56
    undecane 0.42
    tert-butylcyclohexane 0.58
    cyclooctane 0.42
    cyclopentanol 35.52
    tetrahydropyran 12.35
    tert-amyl methyl ether 6.35
    2,5,8-trioxanonane 14.56
    1-hexene 2.82
    2-isopropoxyethanol 12.87
    2,2,2-trifluoroethanol 47.79
    methyl butyrate 5.7

    Scent© AI

1 4

IFRA standard 51

Recommendation
No restriction
Maximum acceptable concentrations in the finished product (%)
Category 1
Products applied to the lips
 No restriction Category 7A
Rinse-off products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 2
Products applied to the axillae
 No restriction Category 7B
Leave-on products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 3
Products applied to the face/body using fingertips
 No restriction Category 8
Products with significant anogenital exposure
 No restriction
Category 4
Products related to fine fragrance
 No restriction Category 9
Products with body and hand exposure, primarily rinse off
 No restriction
Category 5A
Body lotion products applied to the body using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10A
Household care products with mostly hand contact
 No restriction
Category 5B
Face moisturizer products applied to the face using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10B
Household care products with mostly hand contact, including aerosol/spray products (with potential leave-on skin contact)
 No restriction
Category 5C
Hand cream products applied to the hands using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 11A
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate without UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 5D
Baby Creams, baby Oils and baby talc
 No restriction Category 11B
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate with potential UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 6
Products with oral and lip exposure
 No restriction Category 12
Products not intended for direct skin contact, minimal or insignificant transfer to skin
 No restriction