Alpha-Ketoglutaric Acid

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  • Identifiers

    CAS number
    328-50-7

    Molecular formula
    C5H6O5

    SMILES
    C(CC(=O)O)C(=O)C(=O)O

    Safety labels

    Corrosive
    Corrosive

    Irritant
    Irritant

  • Odor profile

    Fragrance
    Odorless 55.82%
    Sour 55.74%
    Caramellic 46.01%
    Burnt 34.58%
    Buttery 33.79%
    Winey 31.45%
    Sharp 30.06%
    Creamy 27.15%
    Sweet 24.62%
    Clean 24.23%

     

    Flavor
    Odorless 61.38%
    Sour 47.91%
    Very mild 39.19%
    Caramellic 33.32%
    Nutty 31.5%
    Musty 26.57%
    Acidic 25.83%
    Mild 24.1%
    Yeast 23.19%
    Faint 21.66%

     

    Odor impact est.
    Low

  • Properties

    XLogP3-AA
    -0.9

    pKa est.
    4.51 (weak acid)

    Molecular weight
    146.1 g/mol

    Vapor pressure est.

    • hPa @ 20°C
    • hPa @ 25°C

    Evaporation rate
    Ultra slow

    Boiling point est.
    335°C

    Melting point expt.

    • 114 °C (237 °F)
    • 115.5 °C

    Flash point

    • 175.33 ˚C est.

    Solubility expt.

    • 100 g/l at 20 °C (68 °F)
    • 541.5 mg/mL
    • soluble in water at >1000 g/l at 20�C and petrolatum at <100 g/kg at 20�C

  • Synonyms

    • 2-ketoglutaric acid
    • 2-Oxopentanedioic acid
    • 328-50-7
    • 2-oxoglutaric acid
    • alpha-ketoglutaric acid
    • alpha-ketoglutarate
    • 2-oxoglutarate
    • Oxoglutaric acid
    • a-ketoglutaric acid
    • Oxoglutarate
    • oxogluric acid
    • 2-Oxo-1,5-pentanedioic acid
    • Pentanedioic acid, 2-oxo-
    • alpha Ketoglutarate
    • Glutaric acid, 2-oxo-
    • Alphaketoglutaric acid
    • alpha-Oxoglutaric acid
    • Oxoglurate
    • Glutaric acid, alpha keto
    • 2-ketoglutarate
    • 2-Oxo-Glutaric Acid
    • ketoglutaric acid
    • Pentanedioic acid, oxo-
    • Bis(L-arginin)-2-oxoglutarat
    • .alpha.-Ketoglutaric acid
    • Oxoglurate [INN]
    • MFCD00004165
    • AI3-26938
    • 378-50-7
    • NSC 17391
    • NSC-17391
    • alpha-Ketoglutaric acid alpha
    • DTXSID5033179
    • CHEBI:30915
    • 8ID597Z82X
    • 2-oxo-pentanedioic acid
    • alpha-keto-Glutaric acid
    • NSC17391
    • .alpha.-Oxoglutaric acid
    • 17091-15-5
    • CHEMBL1686
    • ALFA-KETOGLUTARIC ACID
    • A-KETOGLUTARICUM ACIDUM
    • OXOGLURIC ACID [MART.]
    • 34410-46-3
    • DTXCID3013179
    • OXOGLURIC ACID [WHO-DD]
    • Glutaric acid, 2-oxo- (8CI)
    • 2-OXOPENTANEDIOIC ACID [FHFI]
    • A-KETOGLUTARICUM ACIDUM [HPUS]
    • alphaketoglutarate
    • .ALPHA.-KETOGLUTARIC ACID [MI]
    • 2-oxopentanedionate
    • 2-Ketoglutaricacid
    • Pentanedioic acid, 2-oxo-, sodium salt
    • OXOGLURIC ACID (MART.)
    • alpha ketoglutaric acid
    • AKG
    • CAS-328-50-7
    • 2-oxo-pentanedioicaci
    • 997-43-3
    • EINECS 206-330-3
    • alpha-Ketoglutaricum acidum
    • UNII-8ID597Z82X
    • 2oxoglutaric acid
    • 3ouj
    • 4nro
    • 4oct
    • 4qkd
    • 4usi
    • keto glutaric acid
    • 2-oxoglutaric-acid
    • alphaOxoglutaric acid
    • 2oxopentanedioic acid
    • Glutaric acid, 2oxo
    • .alpha.-ketoglutarate
    • alpha-oxo-glutaric acid
    • alpha -ketoglutaric acid
    • Pentanedioic acid, 2oxo
    • alphaKetoglutaricum acidum
    • hydron;2-oxopentanedioate
    • alpha-Oxopentanedioic acid
    • 2Oxo1,5pentanedioic acid
    • 2-Oxo-1,5-pentanedioate
    • bmse000064
    • bmse000801
    • bmse000937
    • SCHEMBL7400
    • NCIStruc1_001710
    • NCIStruc2_000215
    • Glutaric acid, 2oxo (8CI)
    • Glutaric acid, .alpha.-keto-
    • Glutaric acid, 2-oxo-(8CI)
    • GTPL3636
    • 2-Ketoglutaric acid (standard)
    • KETOGLUTARIC ACID [INCI]
    • HY-W013636R
    • NCI17391
    • Pentanedioic acid, 2-oxo- (9CI)
    • Tox21_110016
    • Tox21_200918
    • BBL010614
    • BDBM50303766
    • CCG-37641
    • NCGC00013225
    • s6237
    • STK002174
    • AKOS000120908
    • CS-W014352
    • DB02926
    • DB03806
    • DB08845
    • FK09820
    • HY-W013636
    • NCGC00013225-01
    • NCGC00013225-02
    • NCGC00013225-03
    • NCGC00013225-04
    • NCGC00013225-05
    • NCGC00013225-06
    • NCGC00090946-01
    • NCGC00090946-02
    • NCGC00258472-01
    • alpha-Ketoglutaric acid, >=99.0% (T)
    • AS-12579
    • NCI60_001411
    • SY004310
    • 2-Oxopentanedioic acid;2-Oxoglutaric acid

  • Applications

    Alpha-Ketoglutaric Acid (CAS 328-50-7) is primarily used as a chemical intermediate in the synthesis of fine chemicals and pharmaceutical intermediates; it serves as a key substrate in transamination reactions and amino acid biosynthesis, enabling production of glutamate in fermentation-derived processes; its water-soluble salts may function as chelating agents for metal ions, aiding catalyst longevity and formulation stability in cleaners, coatings, and cosmetic products; in cosmetics and personal care, it can act as a buffering agent to help control pH; it is also employed as a feed additive in animal nutrition programs, providing a metabolic precursor that can support energy metabolism; and in industrial manufacturing it serves as a building block for the synthesis of other organic acids and specialty chemicals.

    gpt-5-nano

  • Solubility @25˚C

    Solvent Solubility (g/L)
    ethanol 118.2
    methanol 207.51
    isopropanol 63.49
    water 55.83
    ethyl acetate 22.22
    n-propanol 65.69
    acetone 84.7
    n-butanol 47.92
    acetonitrile 22.53
    DMF 571.26
    toluene 9.92
    isobutanol 34.24
    1,4-dioxane 152.73
    methyl acetate 23.1
    THF 127.16
    2-butanone 38.51
    n-pentanol 30.55
    sec-butanol 37.94
    n-hexane 3.75
    ethylene glycol 96.83
    NMP 443.02
    cyclohexane 5.16
    DMSO 495.62
    n-butyl acetate 11.88
    n-octanol 57.65
    chloroform 4.02
    n-propyl acetate 8.85
    acetic acid 54.68
    dichloromethane 14.39
    cyclohexanone 42.1
    propylene glycol 68.05
    isopropyl acetate 12.69
    DMAc 404.82
    2-ethoxyethanol 118.88
    isopentanol 31.78
    n-heptane 5.95
    ethyl formate 30.94
    1,2-dichloroethane 23.63
    n-hexanol 21.52
    2-methoxyethanol 229.76
    isobutyl acetate 3.0
    tetrachloromethane 0.82
    n-pentyl acetate 25.16
    transcutol 293.44
    n-heptanol 38.62
    ethylbenzene 6.37
    MIBK 12.13
    2-propoxyethanol 78.67
    tert-butanol 59.17
    MTBE 33.18
    2-butoxyethanol 96.89
    propionic acid 39.17
    o-xylene 14.3
    formic acid 139.3
    diethyl ether 42.3
    m-xylene 8.8
    p-xylene 6.6
    chlorobenzene 5.24
    dimethyl carbonate 36.62
    n-octane 4.78
    formamide 206.21
    cyclopentanone 66.74
    2-pentanone 28.85
    anisole 22.13
    cyclopentyl methyl ether 43.34
    gamma-butyrolactone 99.82
    1-methoxy-2-propanol 133.67
    pyridine 56.82
    3-pentanone 27.17
    furfural 104.51
    n-dodecane 4.07
    diethylene glycol 98.88
    diisopropyl ether 10.1
    tert-amyl alcohol 44.06
    acetylacetone 30.34
    n-hexadecane 4.37
    acetophenone 23.72
    methyl propionate 37.8
    isopentyl acetate 9.01
    trichloroethylene 15.63
    n-nonanol 52.61
    cyclohexanol 31.03
    benzyl alcohol 26.91
    2-ethylhexanol 12.4
    isooctanol 25.14
    dipropyl ether 23.77
    1,2-dichlorobenzene 5.96
    ethyl lactate 16.53
    propylene carbonate 29.21
    n-methylformamide 193.23
    2-pentanol 25.0
    n-pentane 5.83
    1-propoxy-2-propanol 49.94
    1-methoxy-2-propyl acetate 25.52
    2-(2-methoxypropoxy) propanol 92.59
    mesitylene 6.8
    ε-caprolactone 50.32
    p-cymene 6.99
    epichlorohydrin 85.98
    1,1,1-trichloroethane 2.73
    2-aminoethanol 118.6
    morpholine-4-carbaldehyde 338.86
    sulfolane 167.64
    2,2,4-trimethylpentane 2.1
    2-methyltetrahydrofuran 56.36
    n-hexyl acetate 40.69
    isooctane 1.13
    2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol 151.99
    sec-butyl acetate 5.32
    tert-butyl acetate 13.05
    decalin 2.28
    glycerin 126.17
    diglyme 203.19
    acrylic acid 51.24
    isopropyl myristate 17.03
    n-butyric acid 30.84
    acetyl acetate 8.9
    di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate 21.54
    ethyl propionate 12.86
    nitromethane 97.11
    1,2-diethoxyethane 54.72
    benzonitrile 13.87
    trioctyl phosphate 18.96
    1-bromopropane 10.07
    gamma-valerolactone 157.2
    n-decanol 41.0
    triethyl phosphate 8.3
    4-methyl-2-pentanol 11.92
    propionitrile 16.4
    vinylene carbonate 31.05
    1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane 59.62
    DMS 23.96
    cumene 5.19
    2-octanol 26.14
    2-hexanone 12.42
    octyl acetate 29.71
    limonene 10.36
    1,2-dimethoxyethane 135.18
    ethyl orthosilicate 8.54
    tributyl phosphate 14.29
    diacetone alcohol 32.18
    N,N-dimethylaniline 29.04
    acrylonitrile 28.25
    aniline 25.5
    1,3-propanediol 105.75
    bromobenzene 3.5
    dibromomethane 7.77
    1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane 16.65
    2-methyl-cyclohexyl acetate 9.56
    tetrabutyl urea 40.03
    diisobutyl methanol 8.87
    2-phenylethanol 20.19
    styrene 7.07
    dioctyl adipate 27.64
    dimethyl sulfate 76.12
    ethyl butyrate 10.99
    methyl lactate 52.46
    butyl lactate 30.84
    diethyl carbonate 7.16
    propanediol butyl ether 98.95
    triethyl orthoformate 11.82
    p-tert-butyltoluene 6.71
    methyl 4-tert-butylbenzoate 51.44
    morpholine 164.86
    tert-butylamine 29.82
    n-dodecanol 30.58
    dimethoxymethane 200.24
    ethylene carbonate 24.26
    cyrene 74.97
    2-ethoxyethyl acetate 43.48
    2-ethylhexyl acetate 7.38
    1,2,4-trichlorobenzene 8.29
    4-methylpyridine 43.13
    dibutyl ether 29.74
    2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanol 8.87
    DEF 103.96
    dimethyl isosorbide 83.21
    tetrachloroethylene 11.47
    eugenol 54.51
    triacetin 37.57
    span 80 75.09
    1,4-butanediol 51.74
    1,1-dichloroethane 6.61
    2-methyl-1-pentanol 19.2
    methyl formate 109.54
    2-methyl-1-butanol 31.79
    n-decane 6.77
    butyronitrile 16.27
    3,7-dimethyl-1-octanol 26.13
    1-chlorooctane 15.77
    1-chlorotetradecane 7.35
    n-nonane 6.56
    undecane 5.17
    tert-butylcyclohexane 1.52
    cyclooctane 3.66
    cyclopentanol 39.03
    tetrahydropyran 51.62
    tert-amyl methyl ether 31.51
    2,5,8-trioxanonane 168.31
    1-hexene 7.84
    2-isopropoxyethanol 52.5
    2,2,2-trifluoroethanol 30.76
    methyl butyrate 14.73

    Scent© AI

1 4

IFRA standard 51

Recommendation
No restriction
Maximum acceptable concentrations in the finished product (%)
Category 1
Products applied to the lips
 No restriction Category 7A
Rinse-off products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 2
Products applied to the axillae
 No restriction Category 7B
Leave-on products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 3
Products applied to the face/body using fingertips
 No restriction Category 8
Products with significant anogenital exposure
 No restriction
Category 4
Products related to fine fragrance
 No restriction Category 9
Products with body and hand exposure, primarily rinse off
 No restriction
Category 5A
Body lotion products applied to the body using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10A
Household care products with mostly hand contact
 No restriction
Category 5B
Face moisturizer products applied to the face using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10B
Household care products with mostly hand contact, including aerosol/spray products (with potential leave-on skin contact)
 No restriction
Category 5C
Hand cream products applied to the hands using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 11A
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate without UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 5D
Baby Creams, baby Oils and baby talc
 No restriction Category 11B
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate with potential UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 6
Products with oral and lip exposure
 No restriction Category 12
Products not intended for direct skin contact, minimal or insignificant transfer to skin
 No restriction