Alizarin

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  • Identifiers

    CAS number
    72-48-0

    Molecular formula
    C14H8O4

    SMILES
    C1=CC=C2C(=C1)C(=O)C3=C(C2=O)C(=C(C=C3)O)O

    Safety labels

    Irritant
    Irritant

  • Odor profile

    Fragrance
    Odorless 54.62%
    Phenolic 49.85%
    Burnt 36.91%
    Balsamic 28.74%
    Spicy 28.06%
    Bitter 26.65%
    Vanilla 25.04%
    Medicinal 23.67%
    Sweet 22.62%
    Smoky 20.08%

     

    Flavor
    Bitter 95.55%
    Odorless 19.55%
    Lovage 19.18%
    Nitrile 19.12%
    Very strong 18.94%
    Indole 18.6%
    Cedarleaf 18.57%
    Sweet-like 18.48%
    Rotten 18.04%
    Parsley 17.69%

     

    Odor impact est.
    Low

  • Properties

    XLogP3-AA
    3.2

    pKa est.
    8.39 (weak base)

    Molecular weight
    240.21 g/mol

    Vapor pressure est.

    • hPa @ 20°C
    • hPa @ 25°C

    Evaporation rate
    Slow

    Boiling point est.
    503°C

    Flash point

    • 235.06 ˚C est.

  • Synonyms

    • Alizarin
    • 72-48-0
    • 1,2-dihydroxyanthracene-9,10-dione
    • 1,2-Dihydroxyanthraquinone
    • Mordant Red 11
    • 1,2-Dihydroxy-9,10-anthracenedione
    • Alizarin B
    • Turkey Red
    • ALIZARINE
    • 1,2-Anthraquinonediol
    • Alizarine Red
    • Alizarine B
    • Alizarina
    • 1,2-Dihydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone
    • Eljon Madder
    • Alizarine NAC
    • Alizarine Red B
    • Alizarine Red L
    • Alizerine NAC
    • Eljon Madder M
    • Alizarine 3B
    • Alizarine L paste
    • Alizarine Red IP
    • Turkey Red W
    • Alizarine indicator
    • Alizarine Red B2
    • Certiqual Alizarine
    • Alizarine Red IPP
    • Alizerine Red IPP
    • Mitsui Alizarine B
    • Sanyo Carmine L2B
    • Mitsui Alizarine BS
    • Certiqual Alizarine D
    • Alizarine Lake Red 2P
    • Alizarine Lake Red 3P
    • Alizarine Lake Red IPX
    • C.I. Mordant Red 11
    • C.I. Mordant Red 11C
    • D And C Orange Number 15
    • D and C Orange Number 15D
    • Deep Crimson Madder 10821
    • 9,10-Anthracenedione, 1,2-dihydroxy-
    • Deep Crimson Madder 10821E
    • 1,2-Dihydroxyanthrachinon
    • C.I. 58000
    • Alizarine paste 20% bluish
    • Alizarine Paste 20 percent Bluish
    • C.I. 58000C
    • D and C Orange No. 15
    • DTXSID5045960
    • NSC7212
    • CI 58000
    • 60MEW57T9G
    • CHEBI:16866
    • NSC-7212
    • DIHYDROXY-9,10-ANTHRACENEDIONE
    • DTXCID3025960
    • ROUGE COVALAC W 3514
    • RefChem:26851
    • 200-782-5
    • Alizarin Red
    • 1,2-Dihydroxyanthra-9,10-quinone
    • 1,2-Dihydroxy-anthraquinone
    • Anthraquinonic
    • 1322-60-7
    • MFCD00001201
    • Anthraquinone, 1,2-dihydroxy-
    • 1,2-dihydroxy-9,10-dihydroanthracene-9,10-dione
    • CHEMBL55814
    • Az
    • NCGC00095227-01
    • 1,2-Dihydroxy anthraquinone
    • Turkey Red (VAN)
    • CAS-72-48-0
    • CCRIS 3530
    • 1,2-Dihydroxyanthrachinon [Czech]
    • NSC 7212
    • EINECS 200-782-5
    • BRN 1914037
    • UNII-60MEW57T9G
    • Hystazarin
    • Pincoffin
    • AI3-18244
    • Lizarinic acid;
    • Madder;
    • Alizarin, p.a.
    • Alizarin (Standard)
    • Sanyo Carmine l2BT
    • ATHRAQUINONES A
    • Spectrum_000386
    • SpecPlus_000320
    • 9, 1,2-dihydroxy-
    • ALIZARIN [MI]
    • Spectrum2_000397
    • Spectrum3_000262
    • Spectrum4_001555
    • Spectrum5_000150
    • Epitope ID:116187
    • SCHEMBL18614
    • BSPBio_001704
    • CBDivE_014227
    • KBioGR_002050
    • KBioSS_000866
    • SPECTRUM210850
    • 140861-55-8
    • 4-08-00-03256 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
    • MLS002207283
    • DivK1c_006416
    • Alizarin, Dye content 97 %
    • SPBio_000613
    • orb1304810
    • SCHEMBL29373337
    • HY-N0563R
    • KBio1_001360
    • KBio2_000866
    • KBio2_003434
    • KBio2_006002
    • KBio3_001204
    • HMS1923C03
    • HMS3651P05
    • 1,10-dihydroxy-2,9-anthraquinone
    • 2,9-dihydroxy-1,10-anthraquinone
    • 9,10-dihydroxy-1,2-anthraquinone
    • BB_NC-00489
    • HY-N0563
    • Tox21_111486
    • BBL027327
    • 72-48-0

  • Applications

    Alizarin, CAS 72-48-0, is primarily used as an intermediate in the synthesis of anthraquinone red dyes and red pigments. Real-world applications include textile and leather dyeing, pigment production for coatings, paints and inks, coloration of plastics and polymer systems, and as a building block in the manufacture of more complex dye and pigment formulations.

    gpt-5-nano

  • Solubility @25˚C

    Solvent Solubility (g/L)
    ethanol 0.4
    methanol 0.26
    isopropanol 0.37
    water 0.02
    ethyl acetate 1.62
    n-propanol 0.41
    acetone 1.42
    n-butanol 0.44
    acetonitrile 0.65
    DMF 17.79
    toluene 2.98
    isobutanol 0.33
    1,4-dioxane 4.72
    methyl acetate 2.31
    THF 10.5
    2-butanone 2.49
    n-pentanol 0.55
    sec-butanol 0.46
    n-hexane 0.01
    ethylene glycol 1.19
    NMP 18.06
    cyclohexane 0.03
    DMSO 9.04
    n-butyl acetate 3.67
    n-octanol 2.85
    chloroform 0.14
    n-propyl acetate 2.0
    acetic acid 1.26
    dichloromethane 0.3
    cyclohexanone 5.0
    propylene glycol 0.55
    isopropyl acetate 2.63
    DMAc 36.42
    2-ethoxyethanol 3.38
    isopentanol 0.9
    n-heptane 0.07
    ethyl formate 0.9
    1,2-dichloroethane 0.74
    n-hexanol 1.59
    2-methoxyethanol 6.45
    isobutyl acetate 1.42
    tetrachloromethane 0.1
    n-pentyl acetate 5.97
    transcutol 19.85
    n-heptanol 3.22
    ethylbenzene 2.36
    MIBK 2.94
    2-propoxyethanol 8.4
    tert-butanol 1.59
    MTBE 1.44
    2-butoxyethanol 8.95
    propionic acid 1.1
    o-xylene 3.61
    formic acid 1.47
    diethyl ether 0.75
    m-xylene 2.96
    p-xylene 2.13
    chlorobenzene 0.86
    dimethyl carbonate 5.41
    n-octane 0.09
    formamide 5.37
    cyclopentanone 7.27
    2-pentanone 1.94
    anisole 5.4
    cyclopentyl methyl ether 3.48
    gamma-butyrolactone 8.23
    1-methoxy-2-propanol 5.32
    pyridine 7.3
    3-pentanone 2.02
    furfural 9.92
    n-dodecane 0.18
    diethylene glycol 9.26
    diisopropyl ether 0.76
    tert-amyl alcohol 1.58
    acetylacetone 5.71
    n-hexadecane 0.23
    acetophenone 8.08
    methyl propionate 2.83
    isopentyl acetate 4.81
    trichloroethylene 2.14
    n-nonanol 3.53
    cyclohexanol 1.06
    benzyl alcohol 3.89
    2-ethylhexanol 2.11
    isooctanol 3.01
    dipropyl ether 1.97
    1,2-dichlorobenzene 1.61
    ethyl lactate 3.27
    propylene carbonate 3.68
    n-methylformamide 3.04
    2-pentanol 0.51
    n-pentane 0.02
    1-propoxy-2-propanol 6.41
    1-methoxy-2-propyl acetate 10.49
    2-(2-methoxypropoxy) propanol 11.76
    mesitylene 1.98
    ε-caprolactone 5.68
    p-cymene 2.97
    epichlorohydrin 7.27
    1,1,1-trichloroethane 0.45
    2-aminoethanol 1.17
    morpholine-4-carbaldehyde 18.06
    sulfolane 14.36
    2,2,4-trimethylpentane 0.07
    2-methyltetrahydrofuran 3.31
    n-hexyl acetate 7.35
    isooctane 0.06
    2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol 13.26
    sec-butyl acetate 2.27
    tert-butyl acetate 6.27
    decalin 0.14
    glycerin 3.35
    diglyme 26.65
    acrylic acid 1.89
    isopropyl myristate 4.25
    n-butyric acid 1.17
    acetyl acetate 2.25
    di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate 4.57
    ethyl propionate 2.49
    nitromethane 4.32
    1,2-diethoxyethane 6.67
    benzonitrile 3.63
    trioctyl phosphate 3.75
    1-bromopropane 0.25
    gamma-valerolactone 11.77
    n-decanol 2.71
    triethyl phosphate 4.56
    4-methyl-2-pentanol 1.01
    propionitrile 1.04
    vinylene carbonate 3.72
    1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane 8.36
    DMS 9.33
    cumene 1.94
    2-octanol 2.5
    2-hexanone 2.32
    octyl acetate 4.99
    limonene 2.66
    1,2-dimethoxyethane 8.97
    ethyl orthosilicate 4.39
    tributyl phosphate 3.31
    diacetone alcohol 10.02
    N,N-dimethylaniline 6.22
    acrylonitrile 2.46
    aniline 3.29
    1,3-propanediol 1.76
    bromobenzene 0.84
    dibromomethane 0.14
    1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane 1.78
    2-methyl-cyclohexyl acetate 4.95
    tetrabutyl urea 6.73
    diisobutyl methanol 2.36
    2-phenylethanol 6.8
    styrene 1.89
    dioctyl adipate 5.71
    dimethyl sulfate 12.12
    ethyl butyrate 3.44
    methyl lactate 5.39
    butyl lactate 5.28
    diethyl carbonate 3.43
    propanediol butyl ether 5.99
    triethyl orthoformate 4.64
    p-tert-butyltoluene 2.92
    methyl 4-tert-butylbenzoate 12.98
    morpholine 5.42
    tert-butylamine 0.76
    n-dodecanol 2.06
    dimethoxymethane 8.04
    ethylene carbonate 2.62
    cyrene 10.32
    2-ethoxyethyl acetate 9.57
    2-ethylhexyl acetate 4.03
    1,2,4-trichlorobenzene 2.8
    4-methylpyridine 5.63
    dibutyl ether 2.81
    2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanol 2.36
    DEF 6.54
    dimethyl isosorbide 19.68
    tetrachloroethylene 1.62
    eugenol 12.7
    triacetin 9.2
    span 80 7.33
    1,4-butanediol 0.76
    1,1-dichloroethane 0.2
    2-methyl-1-pentanol 1.05
    methyl formate 2.06
    2-methyl-1-butanol 0.65
    n-decane 0.28
    butyronitrile 0.71
    3,7-dimethyl-1-octanol 3.1
    1-chlorooctane 1.41
    1-chlorotetradecane 0.79
    n-nonane 0.17
    undecane 0.22
    tert-butylcyclohexane 0.15
    cyclooctane 0.04
    cyclopentanol 0.95
    tetrahydropyran 1.6
    tert-amyl methyl ether 2.16
    2,5,8-trioxanonane 20.57
    1-hexene 0.12
    2-isopropoxyethanol 3.26
    2,2,2-trifluoroethanol 1.44
    methyl butyrate 2.61

    Scent© AI

1 4

IFRA standard 51

Recommendation
No restriction
Maximum acceptable concentrations in the finished product (%)
Category 1
Products applied to the lips
 No restriction Category 7A
Rinse-off products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 2
Products applied to the axillae
 No restriction Category 7B
Leave-on products applied to the hair with some hand contact
 No restriction
Category 3
Products applied to the face/body using fingertips
 No restriction Category 8
Products with significant anogenital exposure
 No restriction
Category 4
Products related to fine fragrance
 No restriction Category 9
Products with body and hand exposure, primarily rinse off
 No restriction
Category 5A
Body lotion products applied to the body using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10A
Household care products with mostly hand contact
 No restriction
Category 5B
Face moisturizer products applied to the face using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 10B
Household care products with mostly hand contact, including aerosol/spray products (with potential leave-on skin contact)
 No restriction
Category 5C
Hand cream products applied to the hands using the hands (palms), primarily leave on
 No restriction Category 11A
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate without UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 5D
Baby Creams, baby Oils and baby talc
 No restriction Category 11B
Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate with potential UV exposure
 No restriction
Category 6
Products with oral and lip exposure
 No restriction Category 12
Products not intended for direct skin contact, minimal or insignificant transfer to skin
 No restriction